Personal Statement for college admission Essay

Every man has the capacity to make a difference in this world. The way to do it is by believing that all dreams can turn into reality. It also comes along with the choices that we make and the determination to work out in reaching the top. My name is (insert your name here) and I wish to continue my education in the field of Nursing at the Queens University. I have been interested in this field and I believe that by acquiring such degree, I can be of great service to people in the society. Being admitted in this university will make my dreams more attainable. I will be studying in a credible institution that recruits only the best and finest student. Moreover, this university is composed of wide array of educational resources and armed with excellent professors that will hone my expertise as a promising professional. After the said program I can go on and continue my life with full confidence because I have the necessary knowledge that can benefit other people. I will render the best service that I can so that whenever I will get recognize; it will also pay tribute to my Alma Matter. My experiences and academic standings have surpassed those of others. Looking back, I am a Technical Sgt in the USAF Delaware Air National Guard. My 8 years of service there granted me the award of being the Airman of the Quarter in 2005. The said award is for my outstanding performance as a Medical Material Specialist and at the same time doing volunteer works in Operation Enduring Freedom deployment. Aside from the aforementioned recognition I am also proud to say that I made it to dean’s list every semester because of my exemplary performance and dedication on my attendance at Delaware State University. I am a hardworking person especially when it comes to my personal and academic life. All of my achievements made me decide to attend medical school for two straight years. While I am studying as a medical student, I came to realize that my true calling is in the field of nursing. I believe that choosing to study at Queens University is one great choice because I can continue and pursue my career goals with an institution that produces nursing experts and professionals. The field of Nursing is the field that I can say as my cup of tea. I am willing to take all the risk because I am confident that I can succeed in reaching my dreams. I have the right mindset and I am determined to surpass every training and lectures that professors at Queen University will give me. I am an optimistic person who treats challenges as opportunities for me to grow. The rigorous training that I will go through will aloe me to learn more about myself, the nursing profession and how to be more disciplined in the field that I have divulged in. Life is really precious and we have to live on purpose. I realized that everyday spent is important may it be personally or academically. I should learn to give ways to others and render the best nursing service right after graduation. My quest for education will not stop after I graduated, I will find ways of sharing what I have learned to others and contribute for the benefit of healthcare in the society. By doing so, I would be able to show the world that nothing is impossible when a person puts dedication, heart and soul in everything we do. Pursuing a Nursing degree will help me build up an in-depth knowledge in most areas of medical healthcare and gain broader perspectives. I am confident that my academic journey at Queens University will prepare me for my future profession. I will learn fundamentals of nursing and more complicated subjects about it. I will also learn how to work more efficiently, overcome struggles and bring the best service to my patients. I believe that I can do everything as long as the determination is here in my heart. I am persistent enough that through my chosen field and academe, I can succeed and contribute in making this world a better place to live in.

Cloud Computing Pros and Cons Essay

Cloud computing is able to offer a distinct advantage to companies willing to move into this growing arena. This is not without its drawbacks. Even in the definition of Cloud Computing by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, (NIST) clear advantages exist. The definition includes the following terms: on demand self-service, ubiquitous network access, location independent resource pooling, rapid elasticity and measured service. Cloud Computing: Advantages On demand self-service is a hugely important aspect of cloud computing. It allows for individuals using the service to be able to use all of the functions immediately. This ties in with the advantages of network access where you can access the functions of the cloud computing system that you are using immediately, from anywhere, on any device. The rapid elasticity is also a major advantage of cloud computing as it can be updated at the core location and then this update transfers down to the individual users, so they do not need to have a significant change on their device. Cloud computing is able to offer many distinct advantages in the business environment. Cloud computing exists in two primary forms. The first of these is using a cloud computing service to perform functions within a business. This can either be done directly by a company, or it can also be done as an outsourcing operation to another firm. The second option is when cloud computing is used as a service that can be provided directly to firms for service or to general consumers for usage in day to day life, business or not. One huge advantage of cloud computing is the ability to reduce the overall IT costs by using cloud computing versus the current systems that use the huge amount of physical servers. Without cloud computing, the amount of physical servers, computer systems, and software systems pose a huge cost to any organization attempting to do business. Without cloud computing, physical software and hardware must be purchased and maintained so that the cost of having and maintaining an IT infrastructure is drastically higher than that of having cloud a computing system. Having a traditional IT infrastructure also requires the need to have a much higher amount of either IT professionals on staff or to outsource IT professionals from another firm. This labor expense is drastically reduced in that either the entire cost is outsourced to a firm that preforms all of these operations. Cloud computing allows for a significant drop in costs from both the increased efficiency it brings in having the lowered capital cost of computers servers, and other network connections. Another way in which cloud computing is an advantage is that it is scalable. Companies or individuals using the services of a cloud computing network pay for the amount that they use. This allows for this to be a more accessible source for small businesses, which makes it an effective for both buyer and seller. Large companies also use cloud computing, as it allows them to save so many of above mentioned resources. Cloud computing also brings into effect one huge factor: Accessibility. You can use cloud computing form any device, anywhere. You do not have to install the software onto the device that you’re using. Cloud computing allows for employees to work away from work. This is not only on their home machine either. Cloud computing allows for accessibility from mobile devices, all computers connected to the internet, and anything else you can access the internet from. Cloud Computing: Disadvantages Cloud computing is a great resource that is able to change how business operate, but this does not mean that it is perfect. Cloud computing is a new system, and many people do not fully trust it. One problem that some subscribers face the possibility that if the system crashes, then your entire business could be left without usage to that service for however long this would occur for. This has huge ramifications as with a software system that is installed on all devices, if one device when down, there was only a localized problem. In using cloud computing, especially if for multiple applications, the entire service goes down a business could be without an entire series of applications necessary to their day to day function for however long it takes to get the system up and working. This, especially if utilized on a large scale, could cause massive issues. Another issue with cloud computing is how protected is your data and what happens to your data if the company you subscribe to no either goes out of business or if you no longer subscribe to them. Additionally, some uses do not like becoming dependent upon cloud computing, prescribing to the â€Å"don’t put all of your eggs in one basket† Additionally, the issue of privacy of the information bothers some, as giving all data to a company that shares data with many other companies, some of which could be competitors, could end up causing a fear of privacy. On that note as well, companies may also worry about the unethical usage of their information. The potential problems of cloud computing all mostly deal with the negativities associated with cloud computing. The first of these is the system crash. This is the most difficult problem that cloud computing faces, and it leads to a great deal of problems. The best solution would be to have some backup form in place, possibly that would run partial processes so users would not be totally left out by this problem The second problem that can be associated with cloud computing is the problem of data storage when outsourcing cloud computing to another firm. The primary way to avoid this would be to have a local back up source. This would increase the cost somewhat, but it also allows for you to have insurance that your data would not be lost. The third and final major issue with cloud computing is privacy. The maid way to implet pricacy is for the host system to be in proper working order, and to have regulations maintaining that it is ethical. Overall, cloud computing is a revolutionary ability that can change the ways companies do business and MIS. Cloud computing does have its draw backs, but they are far outweighed by the possibilities that cloud computing presents.

An Unfortunate Incident

Lily was very excited. Her 1000-piece jigsaw puzzle was almost complete. She easily fit the final pieces into the puzzle. She had taken two weeks to complete the puzzle and she proud of her work. As she stared at the puzzle on the dining table,she heard her mother call to her. Her mother announced that dinner was almost ready. She asked Lily to remove her puzzle and set the table for dinner. Lily was about to remove the puzzle when the phone rang. It was her classmate Judy. Lily could not wait to gloat about her newly-completed puzzle. She decided that dinner could wait for a few more minutes and proceeded to chat with her friend for fifteen minutes. Meanwhile her mother had emerged from the kitchen with a pot of hot soup. She was aghast to find the dinner table still in a mess,while Lily chatted happily on the phone. She turned to scold Lily but she accidentally knocked into the chair. The soup spileed over,directly onto the jigsaw puzzle. Lily came running the moment she heard her mothers angry voice but it was too late. The soup had ruined a good portion of the jigsaw puzzle. Lily burst into tears at the sight of the damaged puzzle. She regretted not listening to her mother and realised her mistake,but the damage had already been done. When Lily related the incident to me, I was saddened that my friends hard work had gone to waste. If I had been in her place, I would have placed the puzzle in a safe place before leaving the table. I would also have finished my chores before attending to the phone call.

Customer and Market Profile The Mobile Mechanic Assignment

Customer and Market Profile The Mobile Mechanic - Assignment Example Today the advancement of technology has made it possible to bring the customers across the world at the virtual shop where they are allowed to browse, select, try and make payments without being physically present at the store. The increased level of consumer awareness, because of globalization has become the centre stage of triggering of new kinds of demands from the consumers all around the world. Naturally, the new kinds of consumer demands are helping in the process of evolution of significant business opportunity in various markets around the world. Witnessing the demand for new products and services in various international markets, companies headquartered in foreign locations are also entering into many new markets. In many cases, the organizations record a significant growth in business profits by entering in to new markets, while facing stagnant growth levels in the domestic and home markets. Talking in regards to the issues of market entry by various global and multinationa l organizations, it has to be stated that the presence of multiple organizations in various global markets lead to the rise of homogeneous products that are available in those markets. The growth of homogeneous products in any specific market raises the choice of products available to the consumers and thereby raises the level of competition that exists in the marketplace. To increasing differentiate the product and service offerings of a company in the case of high competition; the factor of innovation is used. In this case, the focus is on a new project which uses the concept of mobile mechanics. The main idea of this project is to provide mechanic services to the target customers for their cars in the mobile format. The unique selling proposition of this idea is that the cars and vehicles of the target audience will be serviced at the customer’s place of convenience which may range from their own workplaces to other locations preferred by the customer. Industry overview Wh ile trying to understand the industry of mobile auto repairing market in the United States of America, it is very important to develop a holistic understanding for the entire auto repairing sector existing in the United States. The auto repair market of the United States is largely dependent on the national as well as global automotive industry. The presence of various national as well as international car manufacturers present in the market of the United States has a strong influence in creating the demand for auto repairs. The presence of the multiple car manufacturers in the region also creates a strong level of competition for the auto repair market as more and more customers focus on the process of buying new customers rather than opting for repairing of their old and used cars. It is very important to consider that the national economic condition of the United States of America is a major influencer for the auto repairing industry of the region. In the current times, the fluct uating economic performance of the nation along with the rise of other supporting industries has resulted in the process of growth of the auto repair sector of the United States (Jubileeresearch.org, 2012). It is important to state that the industry of auto repairing in the United States comprises of four segments like general automotive repair, automotive transmission repair and maintenance, other repairs and automotive exhaust repair. It has to be stated that around 85% of the auto repairin

Why Concealed Weapons Permit Should be Valid in every State Essay

Why Concealed Weapons Permit Should be Valid in every State - Essay Example On the other hand, it also depends on whether one holds the opinion that permitting concealed guns may facilitate an increase in crime rate, since the more people possess guns the more the community becomes unsafe. The objective of this paper is to discuss whether concealed weapons should be valid in every state. Background Concealed weapons laws have been at the center of extensive debates in America. It is a familiar form of firearms control regulation in America. It was adopted by a couple of states decades ago in an attempt to do away with the total ban law. In the late twentieth century, the laws reemerged as a vital part of the gun control debate. This was around the time when anti-campaigners of the weaponry control laws attempted to reform most of the laws to bring to an end the discretion of security personnel, and sheriffs to demand compulsory issuance of permits to anyone who met the set standards. By mid 1980s, only a couple of states such as Indiana, South Dakota, Washin gton, Georgia and Vermont had adopted laws that demanded security personnel and the judicial systems to issue concealed weapons permits to average citizens (Cramer 1). ... Unlike the rural sectors of the country where the residents often use guns for the purposes of hunting and games, without proper regulation in the major urban areas, the problem could probably get even worse (Bingham 8). On the other hand, those who are for the permitting of concealed guns hold the belief that, when the people are armed, they are likely to protect the communities much better than the way the police can possibly protect them (Carter 138). They have continuously used the events during the era of Hitler to support their stand. They argue that, if the people would have been armed appropriately, they would have been able to defend themselves against the Nazis (INFIDELESTO 6). Conclusion A lot of factors need to be considered before making major decisions regarding the concealed guns law. The anti-campaigners of the law obviously have raised vital reasons that cannot be brushed away lightly. To successfully protect the people and their households, both the people and the s ecurity officers need to be empowered. However, elaborate control mechanisms have to be implemented to deal with the underlying challenges. The pros of the concealed weapons law evidently outweighs the cons, and therefore, should be adopted by all states. Cover letter The purpose of the essay is to weigh the opposing and alternative views regarding the concealed weapons laws. At the end of the research, the pros and the cons of the implementation of this law ought to be clearly understood. People should also be able to make informed decisions. After completing the assignment, it was evident that the challenges that face this law cannot simply be ignored. In urban centers, its implementation may enhance crime rates. Strict control measures have to be implemented

The doctrine of Parliamentary privilege has no place in a modern Essay

The doctrine of Parliamentary privilege has no place in a modern democratic society. Discuss - Essay Example To understand the magnitude of the doctrine in the modern political establishment, parliamentary privilege can be illustrated to be synonymous with parliamentary system. Even if debate for its review and in extreme debates its abolition persist, it is an issue that cannot be abandoned just in the heat of the arguments. The following discourse explores the possibilities of abandoning the doctrine based on some of its principles, in light of their appropriateness in a modern democracy. Parliamentary privilege and it purpose Parliamentary privilege according to legal experts is the immunity accorded some legislators whereby the legislators enjoy legal protection against criminal or civil liability in the course of performing their legislative duties (BBC2 para 7)1. Essentially, the privilege makes it possible also for parliament to debate or question issues that could interfere with court ongoing judicial proceedings in a case, expose state secrets, undermine national security, scour fo reign relations, and slander individuals – whether parliamentarians or not. The concept of parliamentary privilege has its roots in the Westminster system and is widely applied across the world. The privilege emerged as a direct result of the contentions that hundreds of years ago existed between the courts the Crown, and the House of Commons2 (Attorney General’s Department para 4). Some of the countries that apply the privilege to parliament other than Britain include Australia, the United Sates of America, Canada, and Kenya, in Africa. In the UK for example, such privileges allow members of the two Houses (House of Commons and House of Lords) to freely deliberate in their participation in parliament without fearing legal action based on claims of contravening the Official Secrets Act, contempt of court or slander. This privilege also assures parliamentarian that they are immune from civil arrests in matters undertaken within the precincts of parliament, in this case the Palace of Westminister3 according to the BBC1 (para 2). However this is conditional in that the members of parliament only enjoy this privilege if their statements are uttered as part of parliamentary proceeding. One such event that reinforces the application of parliamentary privilege in the United Kingdom is with respect to the Zircon affair as it threatened to reveal national secrets. Protection of the parliament against any form of interference while handling legislative obligations is by far a genuine reason for the existence of such freedom as accorded to parliamentarians (Limon 34). However, abuse of the privileges appears to be inseparable from the process of their enjoyment. The purpose of the privilege accorded to parliament rests within the context of legislative duties but other contingent intricacies of interpretation have always made efforts futile to identify balance the genuine purposes. Parliament has failed to implement the appropriate balance and checks that w ould facilitate the relevant procedures to be applied in determining parliamentary privilege usage as genuine or not. Democratic institutions need such control as would be necessary for their independence on one hand while their abuse is clearly identified and dealt with amicably on the other hand. Arguments against Parliamentary Privilege The basic rule that parliamentary privilege is intended to achieve is resolve issues bearing a matter that is of public interest

Globalization and Democratic Policies essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Globalization and Democratic Policies - Essay Example ipate in political rallies, community activities, direct association with political leaders and trade union protests enjoy the common ground of equality. When the majority of citizens in the society are charged with the duty to make decisions binding on the whole society we term that democracy. Political equality can justify the form of democratic government in various ways that allow empowerment of citizens to grow socially and economically while enjoying their civil rights. The society is held together by a joint action towards realizing a certain common goal. When citizens put aside their partisanship, they will realize that development is indispensible in society. Hence, the need to work together as a team is created. Thus in the light of political equality communities are built and developed through the enabling environment of unity (Kropf 2003). Citizens can promote legitimacy when they are involved in political activities. It is through seeing people as equals before the law that will only prompt their participation in affairs concerning their governance. For instance giving people a chance to vote their leaders will ensure satisfaction with the vote results even if they lose. In most cases, citizens learn to obey the laws and little police control is required to bring order. It becomes a culture by citizens to always get the right things done as they are fueled by the universal call for equality, justice, and unity. Democratic governments are easily identified by the warm and fruitful relationships they enjoy with their subjects through maintaining order and law. Involving people in making policies and laws will instill a sense of ownership making the laws to earn protection from the very citizens it is meant for. Contesting for any seat during national elections must be made open to anybody regardless of gender, colour, religion and race as long as the individual meets the basic requirement of the constitution and citizenship to that country. In

Do violent video games cause behavior problems Essay

Do violent video games cause behavior problems - Essay Example This paper will analyze the studies that have been carried out and try to illustrate their connection with the proposed issue. There has been an ongoing controversy regarding the influence video games have on aggression. The term has been debated and widely discussed in scholarly literature. A study by Barbara investigated current knowledge on the matter by analyzing the theoretical explanations and empirical evidence related to the connection between aggressive behavior and violent video games (Krahe, n.p). It also analyzed the effects video games have on behaviors and cognitions. The article reviews cases when violent activities occurred after a view game experience. It also provides an analysis of experimental, longitudinal and meta analytic studies that were carried out. The study concludes that violent video games enhance one’s readiness in engagement of violent activities. Playing video games considered one of the numerous risks associated with aggression development (Krahe, n.p). The strength of this study lies in the fact that it utilized different experimental methods and a randomly sampled population to attain its results on behavioral changes after playing violent video games. Though experimental procedures were carried out appropriately to determine the above mentioned correlation, there are other aspects of violent behavior that may have been neglected by the experiments. For example, the individuals mood prior to the video games was not assessed and their social background and other influential factors on their behavior. Though video games may have some influence on an individual’s mood the study does not determine what extent the video game has to play on the development of aggressive behavior in the absence of other factors (Schulzke, 127-127). As mentioned above, there are several other studies that have been carried

Assess the importance of Ghandi to Indian nationalism Essay

Assess the importance of Ghandi to Indian nationalism - Essay Example Ghandi was born in October 1869 in a Hindu Modh family in Porbandar, Gujarat in India, and was given the name Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi by his parents. The father named Karamchand Gandhi was a chief minister at the city of Porbandar; meaning mahatma Ghandi had a strong upbringing background around leadership, politics, and guided by the Hindu principles (Shelokhonov, 2013). The principles he learned early in life made him a mature and determined man early in age, considering that he had the chance to experience and observe the discrimination the colonialist and their associates conducted on the native people. He became motivated in his law study and understanding of varying principles of different religions he encountered with in different lands. According to Barua, â€Å"his combined brilliance, humanism, and courage with indomitable will brought a revolutionary change in the East Indian Community in South Africa and India† (n.d, p. 2). Borrowing from numerous teaching of th e different religions, and inspirations from wise political ideologies such as those of Gopal Krishna, David Thoreau, and Leo Tolstoy, he was able to organize non-violent movements, which would paralyze the then imperial governments to have their demands heeded. As a key reformist, he was named Bapu Ghandi and is today known to be the father of the Indian nation, after his successful organization and support for the non violent movements of struggle for freedom in India. Characters of Mahatma Ghandi: The persona of Ghandi is still held debatable by many, depending on religion and way of life. However, it must be admitted that he had acquired certain substantial and enabling virtues from his way of life in different environments across the world. Even though being a faithful Hindu, he drew some of his principles from the Bible, the Islamic religion, among others to shape his characters and belief for the common good of existence in the general society. His persona brought him close t o the society, especially the women whom characters and sufferings he understood in broad point of view. Effectively, he was very attracted to the virtues of different societies (Western, African, and Indian), cultures, and different genders, and hoped to unite the people together for their common good. He was a man described to be courageous and stubborn in confronting the British governments, yet humble, patient, and compassionate to others, regardless of their religion, race, and gender. The virtues of non-violence (Ahimsa) and compassion he believed in, was an acceptance of the women qualities, who had been kept out of power and dominion in political and social aspects because of their simple virtues of patience, compassion, and tenderness that was viewed as a contradiction to the roles (Anand, 2006). With such a trusted persona, Ghandi was able to pull people closer, the strong and the weak and from it, women had the opportunity to come out of their locked areas and confidently support him in Indian liberation. Anand further mentions that the very nature of his virtues (ahimsa and truth among others) made the people liberation movement open to all; his plans and politics also comprised most trusted feminine virtues, allowing men and women to take part in the non-violent wars (2006). Ghandi’

Final Hypothesis of Exercise and Weight Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final Hypothesis of Exercise and Weight - Essay Example Past studies indicates that when one is engaged in regular physical exercise then the weight is likely to be moderate. This is because of the increased metabolic reaction that improves the respiratory processes in the body and makes a lower weight individual to gain gradually to some limit and burn excess fats in a person with much weight to slim down to some moderate weight. This simply means that exercise and ideal weight are directly positively correlated. The choice of Exercise as the independent variable and weight as the dependent variable is based on the relative influence they have on each other regarding the physical health status in an individual through the weight measure of a person (Gedatus, 2001). These two variables have been realized to be the most appropriate towards the risk of obesity and other weight related disorders. The main assumptions regarding the relation ship between these two variables are explained below. There is a steady response of state of the heartb eat rate with changes in exercise workload. It is also worth to note that it is assumed that there is a linear relationship between rate of respiration, heartbeat rate and exercise workload. ... People who undertake less physical activities may undergo less respiratory processes whereas people who undertake more physical work undergo more respiratory processes. In other words, people who undertake less physical activities may gain more weight than others. In short, exercise workload, respiratory processes and obesity have direct links between each other. Obese people are at increased risk of respiratory symptoms, such as breathlessness, particularly during exercise, even if they have no obvious respiratory illness Obesity has a clear potential to have a direct effect on respiratory well-being, since it increases oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, while at the same time it stiffens the respiratory system and increases the mechanical work needed for breathing (Salome et al., 2009) Heartbeat rate depends not only to exercise workload but also to the age of the exerciser. In other words, heartbeat rates of a younger man during exercise will be more than the heartb eat rates of an older man who is experiencing the same exercise workload (See appendix 2 for more details). Moreover, heartbeat rate calculation formula for women and men are different. The maximum heartbeat rate of a woman can be calculated using the formula 226-age whereas that of a man will be 220-age (Heart Rate Chart, 2009). It is evident from the above formulas that heartbeat rates of women will be more than that of men during exercising. Measurement of heartbeat rates, before, after and during physical exercise will give a proper idea about the fitness level of a person. For normal persons, heartbeat rates return to normal state quickly after the exercise workload whereas for others it may not come back to the normal state quickly. Linear relationship between

Females are as Violent as Males Essay Example for Free

Females are as Violent as Males Essay Most people are unaware of researched statistics claiming loud and clear that females are as violent as males. As a matter of fact, females are as violent as males not only in marital relationships but also in adolescence (Hines, Brown, Dunning, 2007, p. 63; Holtzworth-Munroe, 2005). It was the feminists that had widely disseminated the idea that only women are battered in marital relationships (Hines, Brown, Dunning, p. 71). Research shows that wives also act violently toward their husbands even though the latter are capable of causing more physical harm in abusive relationships (Ward Jr. Muldoon, 2007, p. 340). After all, abusive wives typically â€Å"throw objects, slap, kick, bite, and punch,† whereas abusive husbands â€Å"are more likely to strangle, choke, and beat up their partners† (Ward Jr. Muldoon, p. 340-341). But, wives who are arrested for domestic violence tend to imitate their abusive husbands in incidences of violence (Ward Jr. Muldoon, p. 338). What is more, female violence is on the rise (Chmelynski, 2006, p. 8). There are increasing numbers of females being arrested for almost all offenses, â€Å"including aggravated assault, simple assault, burglary, larcenytheft, motor vehicle theft, vandalism, weapons, liquor and curfew/ loitering law violations† (Vaughn et. al. , 2007, p. 36). According to feminists, in particular their theory of power and control, men are socialized to assume that they have the right of controlling women (Ward Jr. Muldoon, p. 359). This leads men to act violently toward what they believe is the weaker sex. Furthermore, it has been asserted by feminists over and over that females behave violently only in self-defense. It is males who attack them first (Hines, Brown, Dunning, p. 63-64). These assertions are not entirely baseless, however. Females were known to be less violent than men in the past (Holtzworth-Munroe). Holtzworth-Munroe reports, Twenty-five years ago, according to statistics which were compiled by the U. S. Department of Justice at that time, for every 10 boys arrested for assault, there was only one girl who was arrested on that charge. Today, however, the ratio is 4 to 1. (Holtzworth-Munroe) So now it is not only husbands but also school authorities who must be wary of female violence (Holtzworth-Munroe). Feminists state that women are usually the victims of crimes of violence (Ward Jr. Muldoon, p. 359). But, feminists ought to develop new theories of power and control now that statistics reveal that the rise in female violence far exceeds the rise in male violence. In fact, between 1978 and 1996, â€Å"there was a 47% increase in the rate of violent crimes committed by females. Violent crime rates among males decreased by 26%† (Vaughn et. al. , p. 36). Female violence in adolescence tends to be more severe than male violence although males tend to inflict the greatest number of injuries on women in abusive marital relationships (Holtzworth-Munroe). According to Kimberly Sebeur, director of 50 Strong, a program developed to support black adolescent males in succeeding at the Martin Luther King, Jr. , High School in Georgia, Its worse when girls fight because they wont stop; they have to be physically overtaken by someone whos stronger than they are†¦ With boys, you can say OK, thats enough, break it up, and thats the end of it. Girls will fight right to the death. (Chmelynski, p. 8) What is more, research has shown that females who act violently in marital relationships do so also against males in stereotypically masculine professions, for example, military, firefighting, and law enforcement. Professors, doctors, lawyers, architects and engineers are victims of female violence to boot. Even politicians have not been spared (Hines, Brown, Dunning, p. 66). Holtzworth-Munroe reports on a research that found that there is a higher number of females than males who initiate violence. Hines, Brown, Dunning report on several studies that found that women do not act violently in self-defense alone. Rather, the majority of women participating in these studies stated that their reasons for acting violently toward their male partners included anger, confusion, revenge, jealousy, and attempts to dominate (Hines, Brown, Dunning, p. 64). Apart from the research mentioned by Holtzworth-Munroe, there have been various studies to examine whether females are more likely than males to initiate violence (Hines, Brown, Dunning, p. 64). Hines, Brown, Dunning write that violence appears to be â€Å"human problem,† as these studies reveal equal numbers of females and males as initiators of violence (p. 64). Of course, females can be as violent as males. Regardless of reasons for the increase in female violence, the fact remains that adolescent males and females are equally violent, and wives commit acts of violence against their husbands as much as the latter act violently toward them. Perhaps it is feminism that has raised female awareness to the point that females do not consider themselves the weaker sex any longer. Then again, men may cause greater physical harm to women even if girls are more physically aggressive than boys. References Chmelynski, C. (2006, Dec). When â€Å"Mean Girls† Turn to Violence. Education Digest 72(4):8. Retrieved Apr 5, 2009, from Academic Search Premier. Hines, D. A. , Brown, J. , Dunning, E. (2007). Characteristics of Callers to the Domestic Abuse Helpline for Men. Journal of Family Violence 22:63-72. Retrieved Apr 5, 2009, from Academic Search Premier. Holtzworth-Munroe, A. (2005, Dec). Male Versus Female Intimate Partner Violence: Putting Controversial Figures into Context. Journal of Marriage and Family 67(5). Retrieved Apr 5, 2009, from Academic Search Premier. Vaughn, M. G. , Newhill, C. E. , Litschge, C. M. , Howard, M. O. (2007). Cluster Profiles of Residentially Incarcerated Adolescent Females: Violence and Clinical Mental Health Characteristics. Advancing Quality in Residential Treatment. Hawthorne Press. Retrieved Apr 5, 2009, from Academic Search Premier. Ward Jr. , R. E. , Muldoon, J. P. (2007). Female Tactics and Strategies of Intimate Partner Violence: A Study of Incident Reports. Sociological Spectrum 27:337-364. Retrieved Apr 5, 2009, from Academic Search Premier.

Arthur Miller biography Essay Example for Free

Arthur Miller biography Essay Arthur Miller was born on 17 October 1915, in New York City. He lived in Harlem until he was fourteen. His Dad was a clothes manufacturer but lost all his money in 1929 when the stock market crashed. Due to the economic depression, which followed, when Miller graduated from high school in 1932 there was no money to send him to university. He worked for two years as shipping clerk, earning money to get him to college. He applied to the University of Michigan in 1934 and graduated from there in 1938. He worked in a Navy Yard while writing for the radio. His first successful stage play was All My Sons which opened in 1947 and later a film was made of it. Following this was the even more successful Death of a Salesman, which opened in 1949. These plays were seen as an attack on capitalism and during the McCarthy era of the 1940s and 1950s there was a lot of hysteria surrounding the spread of communism. Senator Joe McCarthy was very anti-communist and was adamant that any communist activities in America should be stomped out and the perpetrators jailed. Although this seemed a good idea to some, McCarthys policy was you either confess to be a communist, or give names of communists, or you would go to jail. Due to All My Sons and Death of a Salesman being seen as an attack on capitalism, Miller was summoned before the House Un-American Activities Committee that had been in operation since 1938. He was told to confess to signing his name on various petitions that the court had received or he would be jailed. Arthur Miller linked the activities of the Committee to the Salem witchcraft trials in which a few adolescent girls accused people of Salem of witchcraft. If these people did not confess to witchcraft then they would be hanged. From this he was able to write the play, The Crucible. The Crucible is about a young girl named Abigail who is in love with a married man named John Proctor. Abby and some other girls confess to compacting with the devil and are seen as saints as they start naming people who they claim to be witches. Proctor is determined to stop them and he with some others try to oppose authority to uncover the truth. Miller has used John Proctor as metaphor for himself.

It is Difficult to Forgive

It is Difficult to Forgive Sometimes forgiveness can be difficult. It is not always easy to forgive someone for doing something wrong. There may be times where the transgression is so severe that it causes a person to think differently about someone, never being able to forget what they did to them. The Sunflower is a book about the possibilities and limits of forgiveness. Simon Wiesenthal, a Jewish prisoner, is called to the bedside of a dying Nazi soldier and is faced with the dilemma of being asked for forgiveness for the soldiers horrible atrocities he had committed during the war. The Jewish boy is unsure of what he should do or say. As he sits by the dying man listening to his story and comforting him for his last few minutes on Earth, he cannot bring himself to respond in any way. The boy sits in silence and does not grant nor deny the dying Nazis request for forgiveness. There are many terms for being forgiven. One cannot simply go through life doing whatever they please to anyone and expecting an apology will suffice afterwards. One cannot, and should not, go around happily killing and torturing and then, when the moment has come, simply ask, and receive, forgiveness, says Herbert Mercuse (Mercuse 208). A person may offend someone and feel guilty about it and then seek forgiveness from the person so that they may be on good terms with each other again after. Usually, after a transgression has occurred, the person who has been wronged may be upset or angry. They may not be able to offer forgiveness right away. The perpetrator must respect their need for time and understand that what they have done offended them. The recognition, if nothing else, is an important first step, says Sven Alkalaj (Alkalaj 103). Forgiveness cannot just be requested from anyone. In order for someone to give forgiveness they need to be involved in the actions committed by the individual. If someone greatly offends you and then asks another person for forgiveness and they say yes does that really mean they are forgiven for their actions? Simon was not able to forgive this man on behalf of the victims who were so maliciously murdered. Alan L. Berger says, I may forgive one who has sinned against me. I may not forgive one who has taken the life of another, (Berger 118). Does Simon really think that if he could contact the dead victims that they would want to offer this man forgiveness? Absolutely not. The Holocaust itself was a massive massacre. Literally millions of innocent people were brutally murdered just for not meeting the requirements of the perfect race. Anyone and everyone involved besides the victims do not deserve any forgiveness for such a horrible event. Even Franklin H. Littell says that, The probl em of the dying perpetrator was the fact that the only human persons who could have forgiven him were dead (Littell 197). Families and children were murdered in front of one another for no reason. How can a monster be given forgiveness for these actions even on his death bed? A misconception about forgiveness comes when it is confused with condoning or pardoning the offensive behavior. Forgiveness is not the same thing as forgetting, condoning, or pardoning. In todays modern times it seems that the typical behavior is to forgive and forget. Just because we forgive does not mean that we do not seek justice, speak out against the offender, or seek restitution. These things are all distinct from the act of forgiveness. The dying soldier may have truly been sorry for the things he had done. He may have actually deserved the chance to be forgiven, but even then the things he did would not just disappear. The crimes committed by this dying soldier and all the other soldiers are not simply something that can go away upon forgiveness. The solider seeking forgiveness was lucky to be dying before facing any real consequences of his actions. What these men were doing was extremely illegal and morally wrong. There is no way to replace a little boys murdered parents and siblings. After the Holocaust, trials were held to condemn the men responsible for these atrocities. Most of the men who were convicted were sentenced to death. The law offers no forgiveness. Another common misconception about forgiveness is that it makes the offended seem weak by accepting an apology and simply forgiving. It is never easy to forgive someone who has wronged you in some way. It is especially hard to forgive someone if what they have done has extremely hurt you emotionally and even physically in this case. There are many other people who actually think that the soldier could have deserved forgiveness (Wells). He could have been truly sorry for his actions. Some of the Holocaust survivors choose to forgive the soldiers that did these things because otherwise they would be angry and vengeful. They realize they were put through horrible unnecessary torture, but they need to move on with their lives in order to achieve a healthy life. Just as a victim of any other type of attack needs to often go to therapy sessions to try and overcome that obstacle in their life. It is all about allowing time to heal the wounds since the event. It is normal to be upset for more than a day for some things. Eva Fleischner talks about how the dying Nazi soldier is actually still at fault with his attempt at seeking forgiveness. The dying man simply wants any Jew to come to his bedside to listen to his plea. Yet, the man is oblivious to the ongoing pain and suffering of the Jews even after this mans passing. Viewing Simon as a representative of his people, he seeks to absolve himself and ease his insistent conscience through confessing and expressing his regret to him. He begs for a response, for confirmation that his remorse is accepted. He desperately awaits the comforting words that might provide him a peaceful death. Simon, torn and confused, himself still captive in a living hell manned by this mans comrades, holds his silence. That silence will forever trouble him, tugging at his conscience till his last day. This dying man represents each and every one of the murdering Nazi soldiers. Even after he is dead there will continue to be more deaths of Jews. Fleischner considers the possi bility that if maybe the dying man would have summoned another Nazi guard, that he could have given a more genuine apology (Fleischner 143). Another thing that is sometimes thought about forgiveness that is not true is the idea that refusing to forgive is a fitting way to punish the offender. In the story the dying soldier made a deathbed wish; to confess his crimes to a Jew and to have that person forgive him. Some people believe that forgiving him would have given him exactly what he wanted. And withholding that forgiveness would have punished him, quite justly, for his heinous acts. I do not think that this was Simons intentions at all. He did not have any thought of trying to punish the soldier more than the anguish he was already in. More often than not, it is the one who refuses to forgive who suffers more. In this case that is true. Because of Simons own silence he is devastated of whether or not he made the right choice. The act of forgiving is something that we carry with us throughout our entire lives. The fact that we do not truly forget what has happened once we forgive means that there will always be the thought of that event in the back of our minds. If a sibling hurts you, but then apologizes, each time you see them there will be that memory and you will silently forgive them again for their regretful actions. This happens with everything that you offer forgiveness for. It would not make sense to forgive someone and then when you think of the event you get upset. In that case, that would mean that your forgiveness was not truly meant and you still resented them for doing what they did. Simon is still haunted by this experience years after it occurred. He ponders whether or not he made the right decision. He truly felt that this dying mans apology was sincere, and that he may have been truly resentful for his sins. Still Simon remained silent and offered no reconciliation to this man. He held his hand through the whole story and even swatted away flies that bothered the dying soldier. It was simply not his position to be able to offer forgiveness for this mans sins. Since the victims are dead, God is the only one who can offer him any peace of mind. Simon cannot offer a response that might not be what the victims would want. I am sure the victims would much rather have been alive then cruelly murdered. Forgiveness is not for the weak or timid. It is not the same as condoning a behavior. Withholding forgiveness leads to more suffering for us than the offender, and the practice of forgiveness is not a one-shot deal; it is a life-long discipline.

Experimentally Induced Resistance to Nalidixic Acid in Bacillus subtill

Experimentally Induced Resistance to Nalidixic Acid in Bacillus subtillis does not Result in Resistance to other Antibiotics Introduction: In the environment, bacteria frequently encounter various antibiotics and through various mechanisms, evolve to become resistant to these antibiotics. Some of these mechanisms sometimes involve beneficial mutations in a bacterium that allow it survive antibiotics but more frequently involve a transfer of genes from other bacteria, even bacteria of different species. Through the transfer of genes from other bacteria, a bacterium can acquire resistance against several antibiotics (Levy 2002). Nalidixic acid is commonly used to treat urinary tract infections (Nalidixic Acid (Systematic) 1999), and is thus found in concentrated amounts in urine. When a person urinates, any excess nalidixic acid can easily find its way to soil, where Bacillus subtilis is found naturally. As the nalidixic acid would be diluted to sub-therapeutic concentrations, all the nalidixic acid would do is to select for resistant strains of any bacteria (e.g. B. subtilis) encountered (Levy 2002). As bacteria can pass along resistance factors to other currently un-resistant bacteria, the harmless B. subtilis which harbors resistance factors against nalidixic acid can potentially pass the resistance factors to harmful bacteria. Bacteria, however, frequently develop resistance not only to one antibiotic but to several and can pass on resistance factors for all these antibiotics to other bacteria. This study will attempt to produce B. subtilis that is resistant to nalidixic acid and determine if these nalid ixic acid-resistant B. subtillis are also resistant to other antibiotics, especially those in the same class. ... ...important not to lose its effectiveness to antibiotic resistance. References: Ciprofloxacin (Oral) [Internet]. Medline Plus Health Information, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; [updated 2003 Apr 3; cited 2003 Apr 5]. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a688016.html Levy, S. B. 2002.The Antibiotic Paradox: How the Misuse of Antibiotics Destroys Their Curative Powers. Perseus Publishing, MA. Hardy, S. P. 2002. Human Microbiology. Taylor and Francis, NY. Nalidixic Acid (Systematic) [Internet]. Medline Plus Health Information, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; [updated 1999 Jun 14; cited 2003 Mar 6]. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/202387.html Voyles, B. A. 2003. Personal communication. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Experimentally Induced Resistance to Nalidixic Acid in Bacillus subtill Experimentally Induced Resistance to Nalidixic Acid in Bacillus subtillis does not Result in Resistance to other Antibiotics Introduction: In the environment, bacteria frequently encounter various antibiotics and through various mechanisms, evolve to become resistant to these antibiotics. Some of these mechanisms sometimes involve beneficial mutations in a bacterium that allow it survive antibiotics but more frequently involve a transfer of genes from other bacteria, even bacteria of different species. Through the transfer of genes from other bacteria, a bacterium can acquire resistance against several antibiotics (Levy 2002). Nalidixic acid is commonly used to treat urinary tract infections (Nalidixic Acid (Systematic) 1999), and is thus found in concentrated amounts in urine. When a person urinates, any excess nalidixic acid can easily find its way to soil, where Bacillus subtilis is found naturally. As the nalidixic acid would be diluted to sub-therapeutic concentrations, all the nalidixic acid would do is to select for resistant strains of any bacteria (e.g. B. subtilis) encountered (Levy 2002). As bacteria can pass along resistance factors to other currently un-resistant bacteria, the harmless B. subtilis which harbors resistance factors against nalidixic acid can potentially pass the resistance factors to harmful bacteria. Bacteria, however, frequently develop resistance not only to one antibiotic but to several and can pass on resistance factors for all these antibiotics to other bacteria. This study will attempt to produce B. subtilis that is resistant to nalidixic acid and determine if these nalid ixic acid-resistant B. subtillis are also resistant to other antibiotics, especially those in the same class. ... ...important not to lose its effectiveness to antibiotic resistance. References: Ciprofloxacin (Oral) [Internet]. Medline Plus Health Information, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; [updated 2003 Apr 3; cited 2003 Apr 5]. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a688016.html Levy, S. B. 2002.The Antibiotic Paradox: How the Misuse of Antibiotics Destroys Their Curative Powers. Perseus Publishing, MA. Hardy, S. P. 2002. Human Microbiology. Taylor and Francis, NY. Nalidixic Acid (Systematic) [Internet]. Medline Plus Health Information, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; [updated 1999 Jun 14; cited 2003 Mar 6]. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/202387.html Voyles, B. A. 2003. Personal communication. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.

The Latin Image :: Latin Americans Romance Love Movies Essays

The Latin Image "The romantic and erotic Latin image implied recognition that Latin Americans and Romance peoples produced persons of great beauty and attractiveness."(Rios-Bustamante,21) The most predominant stereotype that surfaces in "The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse" and "The Mark of Zorro" is that of the Latin Lover. This stereotype may be portrayed in a more positive light because in comparison to other demeaning Latino roles in early American film, the Latin Lover is characterized by "suavity and sensuality, tenderness and sexual danger."(Ramirez Berg,115) According to Ramirez Berg, "this stereotype we owe to one star: Rudolph Valentino."(115) In "The Four Men of the Apocalypse", Valentino plays the character of Julio, a man "destined to bear the burden of allowing both his grandfather and his father to relive their lives through him." Alexander Walker speaks of the classic scene. "Few film entrances are as stunningly designed as Valentino's in 'The Four Men of the Apocalypse'†¦..the sequence loses nothing by being so calculatedly staged: the impact on audiences was instantaneous." This description shows the impact that Rudolph Valentino had on audiences as the original Latin Lover of the American cinema(even though he wasn't Latino.) Julio is suave and sensual throughout the film, particularly while seductively dancing the tango. Although he is portrayed as this dangerous lover who is "worshipped by his models", he is not depicted as a true hero until he offers to fight for his father's country in the war. It seems as though "he actually changes into a man of honor-what anyone least expected from this spoiled son of privilege†¦" http://www.mdle.com/ClassicFilms/FeaturedVideo/video16.1.htm In "The Mark of Zorro", Douglas Fairbanks plays the role of the dashing Zorro, the "almost mythical superhero who battles tyranny†¦defends the rights of both gentry and rabble equally." This film is a good example of the sensuous, desirable Latin Lover stereotype because Fairbanks is portrayed both with and without his "mask". When Fairbanks is playing the role of Zorro, he is strong, valiant, and romantic. "The girl is much more attracted to the dashing Zorro, who romances her in her garden one day." When he embodies the character of Don Diego Vega, he acts timid and weak, and has trouble winning Lolita's affection. The much stereotyped Latin Lover image was portrayed only by the masked man until the very last scene when Don Diego reveals his identity and protects the woman he loves.

A Time To Kill (Movie) Essay -- essays research papers

A Time to Kill   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Are things the same now in your life than 5 years ago? Everything in our life is based on change. We would not be where we were today without changes. We have to deal with these changes in our everyday life whether they are bad or good. People do not like some changes that occur and revolt against them to slow down the changing process. We are still not over some of the issues in the Civil War when it’s been 140 years since it ended. We can only presume that changing takes time. As seen in the movie â€Å"A Time To Kill,† issues from our Reconstruction Period after the Civil War, are still being dealt with today. Three of these issues are: Ku Klux Klan, Lack of Payment, and African Americans in Politics.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Ku Klux K...

The Effect of Marijuana Legalization in Colorado and Washington on the Global Economy

The Effect of Marijuana Legalization in Colorado and Washington on the Global Economy Marijuana has been one of the most highly debated topics for years, many people don’t understand the reasoning for its prohibition and others stand strong on their beliefs that it should not under any circumstances be legalized. Whatever your opinion is on the subject in the most recent election two states- Colorado and Washington – both legalized the drug for recreational use and this has caused major debates and will have a major impact on the global economy.As someone from Colorado, this subject has come up many times so I figured I’d do a little research on it and see the real implications of this law. The Mexican drug cartel is one of the largest illicit drug importation operations in the world, making billions of dollars annually trafficking drugs across the border into the United States and around a quarter of their profit is from Marijuana. Colorado and Washington are bo th relatively far from the Mexican American border but there is still a significant amount of import into these states.The fact that this drug is now legal means that the cartel will lose millions if not billions of dollars which as a result will make the cartel smaller. No one can complain about this but the only problem is that now they will have to rely on other, more dangerous drugs, to make a profit. The Mexican government realizes this issue but they also realize that with marijuana being legal they can make the money, which would have otherwise gone to the cartel through the legal import of the drug.The only problem is that under federal law cannabis is still illegal and so as a result so is the importation of it. If this law changes – which is highly likely – the Mexican government will have a major source of revenue that they can capitalize on. The trend is indicating that total legalization will be happening in the near future. Many South American countries, which have been hesitant in the past to pass any laws concerning cannabis, have since reconsidered as a result of the legalization in the two American states.Countries such as Argentina and Uruguay are looking into changing their laws as they see the potential revenue that can come as a result of legalization. Most experts believe that the southern most countries will legalize the drug first and then move north, this trend will continue until all of the Americas have legalized it and will possibly move to other parts of the world. The impact of the vote in Colorado and Washington has reached much further than just the United States; the voters in these states probably didn’t know the full implication of their decision.Regardless this is a major topic of discussion and could quite possibly change the world depending on what happens. People say that marijuana is the gateway drug and this could be more true than ever with these laws being passed they will open a gateway into a w hole new realm of economic possibilities and trade opportunities. Work Cited Thomson, Adam. â€Å"Marijuana: Mexico’s Latest Export to the US? † Ft. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 03 Feb. 2013. . Khazan, Olga. How Marijuana Legalization Will Affect Mexico’s Cartels, in Charts. † Http://www. washingtonpost. com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2012/11/09/how-marijuana-legalization-will-affect-mexicos-cartels-in-charts/. N. p. , n. d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. Johnson, Tim. â€Å"U. S. Marijuana Vote May Have Snowball Effect in Latin America. † The Seattle Times. N. p. , n. d. Web. 03 Feb. 2013. . Graham, Dave. â€Å"Ally of Mexico's Pena Nieto Backs Export of Marijuana. † Reuters. Thomson Reuters, 08 Nov. 2012. Web. 03 Feb. 2013.

Johnny Got His Gun

Melanie Gonzalez English ll March 25, 2012 Miss Hartman Johnny Got his Gun Ever wondered what it’s really like to be in war? Welcome to reality and welcome to Joe’s reality. Joe is a living, breathing, and perfect example of what war is and the effects of it. Some say, Joe might as well not even be living. In Johnny Got His Gun, Trumbo uses three rhetorical strategies; imagery, rhetorical questions, and mood and tone. Through imagery, we envision the reality of war. Through mood and tone, the author writes in such a way that creates a certain feeling towards war as well as towards Joe.Through rhetorical questions, the author leaves us thoughts to ponder on. Imagery is one of the strategies that appeal to all of our senses. Trumbo does a great job in portraying the realities and encounters of war. Trumbo carefully describes war by using spine-tingling examples. For example, in chapter XII, Joe mentions a young Englishman walking through a field and falling into a decompo sing man. The young man couldn’t get out, and he threw up, still with his arm completely lodged in the rotting flesh of what used to be a living, breathing human being.Just the way that Joe describes the situation, it sends chills running down your spine! I suddenly felt as if I was the one who had fallen through the dead man. This is just one of the many traumatizing encounters of the war. Also, in chapter XII, a man with an open-view stomach was brought to be treated. Just imagine that? I don’t think I would’ve been able to bear the sight of a person’s organs out in the open. Imagery allows us to visualize the painful, physical horrors of war.Trumbo appeals to our emotions in a way that makes us feel like we are physically in the war and what Joe must be feeling. Mood and tone is the key to how a reader feels and the way authors express themselves. The mood is depressing while the author expresses a negative tone towards war. Joe strongly dislikes that he is being forced to fight for something without meaning. This becomes depressing as more stories and encounters are told. Trumbo persuades the reader that war is basically just a place where men are sent to die.The tone stays the same throughout the whole book unless Joe mentioned or talked about Kareen, his girlfriend. Whenever Joe talked about her, it was like little by little; everyday he was getting farther and farther away from her. The mood and tone of a book always has a different outcome on the reader’s reaction to the story. It’s used to create a sense of emotion in such a way that you feel as if you were living within the characters. Last but not least, rhetorical questions. Trumbo uses and repeats many questions, leaving the reader to ponder upon.Joe continuously asks, what is honor? What is decency? What is freedom? Doesn’t that leave you thinking? Joe is told that a war is fought for freedom and liberty and to show honor for your country and to di e honorably. But who’s idea of honor or decency or freedom? It releases an anti war message. It becomes very powerful throughout the book. Joe starts questioning many aspects of the war as I mentioned before. Trumbo makes it seem as if we were in Joe’s mind or asking ourselves these same questions.In conclusion, I would’ve never come to realize the true, gruesome horrors of war if it wasn’t for this book. What difference does it make for soldiers dying on the frontlines for their country? Killing the opposing army? Or giving up your life when you don’t even know exactly what you’re fighting for and who knows if you’ll ever benefit from it? Imagery, mood and tone, and rhetorical questions have played a big role throughout this book. It’s incredible how the song of WW2 Johnny get your gun was motivating, convincing, and inviting. However, Johnny got his gun and he lost.

Civil War North vs South

The North and South were deeply divided in the issue of black civil rights, with the North adopting a pro-civil rights stance and the South adopting a pro-slaves stance. The different elimination histories and economics bases of the North and South regions shaped these different views on civil rights for black slaves during 1 820 off 860. The North's pro-civil rights stance grew as a result Of solid economic base in industrialization and their settlement history of religious freedom.While the North's soil and climate did not favor large plantations, this region did have many natural resources which helped fuel the growth of industrialization and urban areas. As shown in Document A in the â€Å"Railroads in 1860,† the North had more than two-thirds of the railroad tracks which made it easier to rainspout goods and drive the economy. Because this industrial growth was not dependent on slave labor, but immigrants coming to the cities, Northerners saw the blacks as people not just economic resources.In addition, the North had been established on religious freedom and had been the focus on America's fight for independence, so the North was tolerant of messages from abolitionists like Frederick Douglas who talked about the injustice of slaves' lack of freedom (Document C). These views were also shown in response to the John Brown incident who tried to seize a federal arsenal and start a slave uprising (Document E). The Northerners called Brown â€Å"a martyr for the sacred cause of freedom. Thus, the northerners didn't rely on slave labor for their industrial economy and were tolerant of messages of freedom due to their settlement history, which led to their pro- civil rights stance. On the other hand, the South's economic base was largely agriculture, and their dependence on slave labor drove their pro-slavery stance. The Southern colonies were primarily settled for cash crops, like cotton and tobacco, because of their fertile soil and climate.As shown in Do cument A, â€Å"The Slave Density and Cotton Production, 1860,† cotton was almost exclusively grown in the South, and heavily relied on slave labor. In addition, the South had limited industry and relied heavily on the North for â€Å"almost every article of utility and adornment†¦ And that were are dependent on Northern capitalists for the means necessary to build our railroads, canals, and there public transportation† (Document B). Because agriculture was their key economic base and was dependent on slave labor, the Southerners viewed slaves as economic resources or property rather than people.They believed the Supreme Court's decision in the Dried Scott case, which held the the Fifth Amendment did not apply to African Americans because they were property, as proof of their viewpoint. They believed that civil rights would destroy their economy, and became violent against antislavery actions such as in the John Brown case that they believed were plotted by the No rth (Document E). Therefore, because the civil rights movement would have destroyed the southern economy which was heavily dependent on agriculture and slave labor, they adopted adopted pro-slavery stance.Therefore the different colonization histories and economics of the North and South led to the North's pro-civil rights stance and the South's pro-slavery stance in 1820 to 1860. These differences truly divided a nation as described by Abraham Lincoln during his Republic nomination speech for U. S. Senator: â€Å"A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. † His speech foreshadowed the divide that would ultimately lead to the Civil War, in which North fought against South over the issue of slavery.

Sterilization of Water

Project Report – Determination of the Dosage of Bleaching Powder Required for Sterilization of Different Samples of Water CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2. GENERAL METHODS USED 3. THEORY 4. REQUIREMENTS 5. PROCEDURE 6. OBSERVATION TABLES 7. CALCULATIONS 8. RESULT 9. CONCLUSION INTRODUCTION Water is the major constituent of all living beings. Water necessary to sustain all types of life. The water used for drinking purpose by human beings should full the following conditions : 1. It should be colourless. 2. It should not possess any smell. 3.It should contain any harmful dissolved salts such as nitrates, mercury salts, lead salts. 4. It should not be contain any living organism such as algae, fungus, bacteria etc. Sterilization of Disinfection of Water In order to obtain water for drinking purpose, water is first treated with alum whereby clay and other colloidal particles go precipitated the suspended impurities are then removed by filtration and the clear water obtained is subjecte d to some suitable treatment to destroy harmful germs and bacteria. These bacteria cause many dangerous disease such as cholera, thyroid, dysentery, tuberculosis, diphtheria etc.The process of killing the harmful bacteria by some suitable treatment of water is called STERILIZATION of DISINFECTION OF WATER. The common sterilizer agents are chlorine, ozone, bleaching powder, potassium per magnate chloramines. Sterilization of water through bleaching powder gives chlorine and if it is in excess, it is harmful for health and causes diseases like chlorawis, unconsciousness etc. So here we determine the exact amount of bleaching powder used of required for the sterilization of given samples of water. General Methods of Sterilizing WaterThere are many methods of sterilizing water but the best is one which gives sample of water which is totally free from germs. Sometimes potassium per magnate is used to disinfect water but it is not for drinking as it gives red colour and the excess of it i s in harmful for health. We use dissolve in water, so it can not be used in large scale. Another method for disinfection is by simply boiling the water for about 15 minutes, but this powder. The chemical action of bleaching powder on germs and bacteria is due to the chlorine which becomes available, when it is added to water.So here in the present context, we shall focus on disinfection of water using bleaching powder. Theory Objective :  Our objective of this project is to determine the amount of bleaching powder required for the sterilization of given samples of water. So certain steps are taken in the context as follows :- 1- A known mass of the given samples of bleaching powder is dissolved in water to prepare a solution of known concentration. This solution contains dissolved chlorine, liberated by the action of bleaching powder with water. CaOCl2  + H2O ——————-> Ca(OH)2  + Cl2 – The amount of chlorine present in the above solution is determined by treating a known volume of the above solution with excess of 10% potassium iodide solution, when equivalent amount of iodine is liberated. The iodine, thus liberated is then estimated by titrating it against a standard solution of sodium thiosulphate using starch solution as indicator. Cl2  + 2KI ——————–> 2KCl + I2 I2  + 2Na2S2O3  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€> Na2S4O6  + 2NaI 3- A known volume of one of the given samples of water is treated with a known volume of bleaching powder solution.The amount of residual chlorines is determined by adding excess potassium iodine solution and then titrating against standard sodium thio-sulphate solution. 4- From the reading in 2 and 3, the amount of chloring and hence bleaching powder required for the disinfection of a given volume of the given sample of water can be calculated. Requirements for the Experimental Determination Requirements are as follows : Apparatus : 1. Burette 2. Titration Flask 3. 500 ml measuring flask 4. 100 ml Graduated Cylinder 5. 250 ml Measuring flask 6. 1lt. Measuring flask 7. Glazed Tile 8. Glass Wool. Chemicals : 1.Bleaching powder -5gm. 2. Na2SO4—->12. 4 gm. 3. KI – 25gm. 4. Different Sample of Water 5. Distilled Water 6. Soluble starch – 1gm. 7. Indicator – Starch Solution. Procedure : 1- Preparation of N/20 Na2SO4  solution : Take 12. 4 gm of sodium thio-sulphate hydrated and mix it in about 500ml of water then the mixture is diluted to make the volume 1000ml. or 1lt. Normality = strength/Molecular Mass. = 12. 4 / 248 = 1/20N 2- Preparation of 10%KI solution: Take 25gm. of KI powder and mix it in about 100ml of water then dilute the mixture to make the volume 250 ml and take it in the measuring flask. – Preparation of Bleaching Powder solution : Weight 5gm of bleaching powder and mix it in about 200 ml of distilled water in a conical flask. Stopper the f lask and shake it vigorously. The suspension thus obtained is filtered through glass wool in measuring flask of 500ml. and dilute the filtrate with water to make the volume 500 ml. The solution of obtained is 1% bleaching powder of solution. 4- Preparation of starch solution : Take about 1gm of soluble starch and 10 ml of distilled water in a test table mix vigorously to obtain a paste. Pour the paste in about 100ml. of hot water contained in a beaker with constant stirring.Boil the contents for 4-5min. and then allow to cool. 5- Take 100ml. of distilled of water and then 20ml of bleaching powder of solution in a stopper conical flask and add it 20ml of 10% KI solution. Shake the mixture, titrate this solution against N/20 Na2S2O3 Solution taken in burette. When solution in the conical flask becomes light yellow in colour add about 2ml of starch solution as indicator. The solution now becomes blue in colour. The end point is disappearance of blur colour, so continue titrating till t he blue colour just disappears. Repeat the titration to get a set of three readings. – Take 100ml of water sample in a conical flask and add 20ml of KI solution and stopper the flask. Shake it and titrates against N/20 Na2S2O3  until the solution become yellow. Then add 2ml of starch solution and then again titrate till the blue colour disappears. Repeat titration for three readings. 7- Repeat the step 6 with other samples of water and records the observation. Observation Table Titration : I * Volume of distilled water taken 100ml * Volume of bleaching powder sol. taken 20ml * Volume of KI solution added 20ml Burette Reading Sr. No. | Initial| Final| Final Vol. of 0. 2N Na2S2O3  sol. used| 1. | 1. ml| 0. 9ml| 7. 7ml| 2. | 0. 9ml| 16. 6ml| 7. 7ml| 3. | 16. 6ml| 24. 0ml| 7. 7ml| Titration : II * Volume of water sample I taken 100ml * Volume of bleaching powder sol. added 20ml * Volume of KI solution added 20ml Burette Reading Sr. No. | Initial| Final| Final Vol. of 0. 2N Na 2S2O3  sol. used| 1. | 10. 1 ml. | 16. 2 ml. | 6. 1 ml. | 2. | 16. 2 ml. | 22. 3 ml. | 6. 1 ml. | 3. | 22. 3 ml. | 28. 4 ml. | 6. 1 ml. | Titration : III * Volume of water sample I taken 100ml * Volume of bleaching powder sol. added 20ml * Volume of KI solution added 20ml Burette Reading Sr. No. | Initial| Final| Final Vol. of 0. 2N Na2S2O3  sol. sed| 1. | 8. 9 ml. | 14. 1 ml. | 5. 2 ml. | 2. | 14. 1 ml. | 19. 3 ml. | 5. 2 ml. | 3. | 19. 3 ml. | 14. 5 ml. | 5. 2 ml. | Titration : IV * Volume of water sample I taken 100ml * Volume of bleaching powder sol. added 20ml * Volume of KI solution added 20ml Burette Reading Sr. No. | Initial| Final| Final Vol. of 0. 2N Na2S2O3  sol. used| 1. | 16. 1 ml. | 21. 6 ml. | 5. 5 ml. | 2. | 21. 1 ml. | 27. 1 ml. | 5. 5 ml. | 3. | 27. 1 ml. | 32. 6 ml. | 5. 5 ml. | Calculations : Sample I (TAP WATER) Amount of bleaching powder used to disinfect 100ml of water samples I. = (7. 7 – 6. 1) ml of 0. 2 N of Na2S2O3  solution. 1. 6ml. 1ml of bleaching powder solution contains bleaching powder =5/500 = 0. 01gm. 20ml of bleaching powder solution = 7. 7ml of 0. 2N of Na2SO4 So 1ml of Na2S2O3  solution = 20/7. 7 ml of bleaching powder solution. Volume of bleaching powder solution used to disinfect 100ml of water = 1. 6 x 20/7. 7ml. 1. 6 x 20/7. 7 ml. of bleaching powder solution =1. 6 x 20 x 0. 01 gm / 7. 7 =  0. 4156 gm Calculations : Sample II (POND WATER) :- Amount of bleaching powder used to disinfect 100ml of water. = (7. 7 – 5. 2) ml of 0. 2 N Na2S2O3  solution = 2. 5ml 1ml of bleaching powder solution contains bleaching powder = 0. 1 gm. 7. 7ml. of 0. 2N Na2S2O3  = 20ml of bleaching powder solution So 1ml of Na2S2O3  = 20ml. of bleaching powder solution. Volume of CaoCl2  solution required to disinfect 100ml of water. = 2. 5 x 20/7. 7 ml. 2. 5 x 20/7. 7 ml. of bleaching powder solution. = 2. 5 x 20 x 0. 01 gm / 7. 7 of bleaching powder Amount of bleaching powder required to disinfect 1 let. of wate r. = 2. 5 x 20 x 0. 01 x 1000 / 7. 7 x 100 = 25 x 2/7. 7 =  0. 6493 gm. Calculations : Sample III (TANK WATER) :- Amount of bleaching powder used to disinfect 100ml of water. = (7. 7 – 5. 5 ) = 2. 2ml of 0. 2 N of Na2S2O3  solutions. ml of bleaching powder solution contains bleaching powder. = 5/500 = 0. 01gm 7. 7 ml. of 0. 2 N Na2S2O3  = 20ml of bleaching powder solution. so 1ml of 0. 2 N Na2S2O3  solution = 20/7. 7 ml volume of bleaching powder solution used to disinfect 100ml of water = 2. 2 x 20/7. 7 ml. 2. 2 x 20/7. 7 ml of bleaching powder solution = 2. 2 x 20 x 0. 01 gm / 7. 7 of bleaching powder Amount of bleaching powder used to disinfect 1 ltr. of water = 2. 2 x 20 x 0. 01 x 1000 / 7. 7 x 100 = 22 x 2/77 =  0. 5714gm Results Amount of the given samples of bleaching powder required to disinfect one liter of water :- Samples I = 0. 4156Samples II = 0. 6493 Samples III = 0. 5714 Thus we get the amount required for disinfection and if bleaching powder is taken less than this amount water will remain impure and if it taken in excess than this will also be harmful as it will contain chlorine. The results shows that Samples II is the imputes water as the amount of bleaching powder requires is maximum and Sample I is less impure than others as the bleaching powder used is minimum. The tables also show the difference. Titration III has minimum reading because of impurities and titration I has maximum reading because the sample was distilled water.Conclusion : This is the convenient method of sterilizing water. It leaves no impurities and its harmful effect if bleaching powder is taken in right amount. In this way we can calculate the amount of bleaching powder required for any sample of water and then take it in large amount if the water is to be disinfected in large scale as in water works. And thus the only cause of using bleaching powder to disinfect water instead of any other method is this that it kills all germs and bacteria due to its chemical action and provides us a pure sample of water to use for all purpose.

Research methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research methodology - Essay Example According to Johnson (2008), some scholars argue that domestic violence is mainly perpetrated by men, while others argue that women are equally violent as their male counterparts in intimate relationships. The second debate involves establishing the number of women that are abused by their partners annually. According to Leone et al. (2007), between two to six million women are abused by their partners globally per year. However, Johnson (2008) argues that these estimates are generalized, ignoring the types of violence perpetrated in an intimate partner relationship. This is a research methodology of establishing the types of intimate partner violence and the number of women that are afflicted by the violence in New York City in United States. According to Johnson, (2008), domestic violence does not occur as a unitary incident. Johnson, (2008) classifies intimate partner violence into four types. These include intimate terrorism, situational couple violence, mutual violence and violent resistance. This classification is based on the part that power and control play in an intimate relationship. To collect information on the types of intimate partner violence, this study will concentrate on establishing the number of women that are abused annually in the United States. Using Johnson (2008) classification of intimate partner violence, the number of abused case will be established. This study will cover New York City whereby the data of abused persons in relationships will be obtained from health records in hospitals and other facilities such as pol ice departments, counseling institutions where cases of domestic violence are reported. This information will be obtained from the database of these institutions where applicable. In addition, collecting the data directly from responsible authorities in these institutions and victims of domestic violence will be undertaken in order to include statistics of intimate

The intersection of private and public - analysis synthesis, and Essay

The intersection of private and public - analysis synthesis, and personal meaning - Essay Example She always faces many obstacles along her journey, including fear of losing her job, the physical pain of her scalded and bleeding feet, and the possibility of being beaten or worse for speaking up because of color of her face. Odessa makes a very courageous decision to go public with her desire and hope for a more just society and equality for her people. On the other hand, in the beginning of the movie, Miriam is not really even aware of racism. Miriam has lived her private white life not really understanding or even caring about what is happening around her in the public area. She is so blind to the fact that racism could invade her private life that she sends her daughter with the black maid to the â€Å"white† park, resulting in Odessa’s expulsion from that park. Before the bus boycott starts, Miriam is worry about whether Odessa will come to her house to clean the house. When Odessa is unable to be on time for work or not to come to her house, Miriam starts to feel some personal consequences of racism because her house cleaning expectations were not being met. After she starts driving into Odessa’s world, and sees how different life is beyond her community, she starts to change from a very private person who just wants her house cleaned to a person with moral spirit. As a result, Miriam makes the brave decision to break out of her very private â€Å"white† community and become a public figure in order to stand up against racism. She against her husband and drives into Odessa’s neighborhood to pick her up and eventually begins a carpool to drive Odessa’s neighbors as well. By her actions, she displays her hope in a racially equal world with more justice for the black people. This story stands as an example how small gestures can have a great impact on society. Much can be accomplished when the people, white and black both, work together to effect change. This was the basis of the Civil

Why object Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why object - Essay Example the official purpose of the Census is to count everyone for the purpose of congressional representation.†1 Taxation only with representation is the basis of America’s break from England. The census is also good for tracing statistical data, which helps fight poverty, determines if enough food supplies are available for the current population, and helping people with trace their genealogy. These are some of the helpful uses for the census. The intentions of censuses are good, but censuses can also be deplorable. In America, the census does not just count people for representation; it gathers information on the race of the population. One author states â€Å"It is the United States, however, that has the longest continuous history of placing its entire population into mutually exclusive racial categories based on pseudo-scientific theories."2 Although segregation ended during the Civil Rights Movement, the American census has never caught up. One author even suggests the "Census established the official tradition of collecting racial data. The purpose was far from benign. It is no accident that this decade witnessed the most intense attempts to build a segregated racial order.†3 The categories of race used by the census are wrong. Other organizations could place people in races, but the American Census Bureau should only count people. The consequences of racial grouping can be deadly. Nazi Germany proved that. The Nazis conducted two censuses one in 1933, then one in 1939. Without these censuses, the Nazis would not have been to methodically roundup the Jews, leading to the death of six million.4 If Germany’s 1933 and 1939 censuses would have only counted people, not race, the Nazi’s would have had a harder time in identifying Jews. If used for statistical purposes, or for congressional representation, the census is good. The racial aspect of the census needs to be reconsidered. Like so many other governmental practices in America, the census

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Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 54

Art - Essay Example The back colors in the paintings acted as background for all the customers but not for the seller in the restaurant. The customer who is isolated from the rest is at the precise centre of the frame-within-frame (that can be said to be the real centre of the entire painting). Despite the fact that they sit around the bended counter, couple’s heads are painted directly to his right in order for the horizontal line drawn halfway between the bottom and the top of the canvas would cut all the three heads. The painter was keen in presenting the whole human element in his painting to be contained within the lower right-hand quarter of the canvas. It is vividly clear that the painter used ‘a bit of bright’ ceiling in his painting near to hidden fluorescent light that illustrates the interior. The ceiling is of limited importance to any narrative that might be showing up among customers below which depicts that the painter’s realism in these paintings. In addition, outside the dinner, dull colors are dominant as might be expect during the night. In the interior, the men’s suits and counter tops are also dull not bright as the ceilings. The painter was interested in capturing the effect of light on the subjects and objects it tou ched. In addition, he was inspired by the nighttime effect of artificial and manmade light spilling out doorways, windows and porches. In the paintings, the painter captured the might-time effect of light. The darkness depicted in this painting is not just from the night. There is psychological darkness revealed in this painting in that customers seem frozen and deep in thoughts. These customers are physically close but they are detached emotionally. It can be noticed that they are separate from one another thus leaving the viewer with questions. For instance, it can be asked what are they doing at the restaurant at night or what are they

Nash Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nash - Case Study Example In this proposed direct mail campaign, Kaminsky is not even sure which group of clients he would send it. Having enumerated these factors against the direct mail campaign, this campaign is likely to fail just like its predecessor even with the catchy phrases that Kaminsky has to consider as they do not relate to the business and are corny to say the least. Advertising in the industry’s national journal of human resource management in Canada through the Canadian HR Reporter is more appropriate in Kaminsky’s second promotional attempt. True, Kaminsky have already advertised in magazines before but it was not focused on his target clientele which are HR professionals so it had a lower chance of success. In advertising to a human resource journal, Kaminky’s chance of success is higher in advertising in Canadian HR Reporter considering that 72% of its subscribers are decision makers of his target market. It is also an efficient use of marketing budget considering that he will be hitting directly the group of people that avails of their service. Compared to the direct mail which Kaminsky is not even sure which group of prospective customers he should the eyeglasses. Kaminsky therefore should push for advertising in the Canadian HR Reporter for a full page for a month. He could reduce the exposure as well as the expenditure in the succeeding campaign by reducing it to a half page as a follow through to his initial advertisement of one full page. Malkam is a Cross Cultural Training Company founded by Laraine Kaminsky in 1989 as a home based business that provided English as a second language (ESL) training. The company eventually grow that by 1999, Malkam employed 10 full time staff with a database of approximately 65 consultants. Competition however is also growing strong and Malkam had to exert promotional marketing efforts to expand its clientele base and continue the growth of the

Ethical and Legal Issues in the Couseling Profession Research Paper

Ethical and Legal Issues in the Couseling Profession - Research Paper Example All in all, these dilemmas and decisions have made me more prudent and more discerning in my approaches to patient care. This essay will now serve as my reflective ethical autobiography with various sources and theories used to help support and evaluate the choices I have made during my immersion. Discussion One of the main teachings which were drilled to us by our professors was the fact that there were various ethical principles which we had to follow and consider with each patient that we cared for. These main ethical principles include: beneficence, patient autonomy or self-determination, non-maleficence, and justice. These principles helped me develop my sense of right or wrong. Whenever I doubted my actions or did not know whether my actions were right or wrong, I always considered these four ethical principles as a guide or as a foundation for my decisions. Beauchamp and Childress identified these ethical principles which should govern the ethical practice of our profession. T hey discuss that the principle of autonomy is basically about the personal rule of oneself which is apart or free from the influences of others and from the limitations which negate meaningful choice (Beauchamp and Childress, 1994). This autonomous decision making process allows the individual to act in accordance with his plans and his choices. Without such autonomy, an individual is dictated by others and is incapable of acting on his desires or plans (Beauchamp and Childress, 1994). In other words, patient autonomy is about allowing the patient to make his own decisions about his care – without forcing him or influencing him to decide in a particular way. In my practice, I often had to explain to patients the different types of care or interventions which can be implemented in their favor. There were times when I was tempted to influence their choices and to sway them towards making decisions which, I felt, were more favorable to the patients and to me. But noting that I m ight be unjustly and unfairly influencing them to make decisions on their care, I ended up being more restrained and being more balanced in explaining possible choices in their care. By allowing them to make their own choices, I was able to afford more respect to my patients as individuals. Patient autonomy is also about respecting the patient’s decision even if such decision is not the best decision for him. One time, I encountered a patient who refused further care and counseling. I knew that he needed to be in therapy and he needed to undergo intensive rehabilitation. However he wanted to undergo a less structured rehabilitation process and he wanted to do it outside the mental health institution. Even if I knew that his choices may not be effective in rehabilitating him, ethics dictated that I had to respect his choice. And so we released him and allowed him to make his own choices of care. The principle of beneficence is based on doing acts of kindness for others (Beauch amp and Childress, 1994). In essence, this principle â€Å"asserts an obligation to help others further their important and legitimate interests† (Beauchamp and Childress, 1994, p. 260). In applying this principle to my counseling practice, I often encountered situations where I knew that my patients needed more intensive counseling. One time, I encountered a high school student whom I assessed to be depressed. She had significant self-image

Different types of camps that the Nazi used and their purposes Essay

Different types of camps that the Nazi used and their purposes - Essay Example Thus, the Nazi’s established concentration camps in 1933 for terrorizing the Jewish communities1. During the period of 1933 and 1945, nearly 20,000 camps were built for the purpose of serving various functions. In order to effectively identify them, different names were given, such as labor camps or Arbeitslager, prison-of-war camps or Kriegsgefangenlager, transit camps or Durchgangslager, concentration camps or Konzentrationslager along with killing and death camps often referred as extermination or Vernichutungslager2. Initially the camps were built to hold political prisoners but following the World War II, the concentration camps were expanded and transformed with the intention to capture nonpolitical prisoners who were exploited by the Nazi’s through forced labor. The prisoners were literally ill treated and left to die because of the terrible living conditions. The use of concentration camps can be distinctly divided into three different periods, namely, 1933-1936 , 1936-1942 and 1942-1945. The first period saw the emergence of Adolf Hitler when the camps were primarily used for detaining political adversaries who opposed the Nazi government. Within a span of few months approximately 27,000 people were detained citing the reason of ‘protective custody’. The second period marked the emergence of World War II and the Nazi’s used these camps for forced labor. Throughout the entire period the inmates were treated as labors and were forcefully made to work for the Nazi’s. The last period i.e. during the late period of 1941 these camps were transformed into death camps where innumerable people belonging to the Soviet Union were tortured and murdered brutally3. Different Types and Purposes of the Camps Forced Labor Camps In September 1939, German’s invaded Poland following which numerous prisoners of war were confined and detained in these camps. The extreme living conditions forced these prisoners to die out of exh austion, starvation and torturous treatment. The prisoners were provided with improper facilities and during the winters they were compelled to stay without any clothes, proper nourishment and food. In these tough conditions the prisoners were forcefully required to perform various labor related works for the government agencies. The sophisticated males of Jewish were forced to live in ‘Ghetos’ and work in the plants that manufactured weapons used in wars. The Jews had no other choice than to work as it was the only possible way to survive in the shackles of the Nazi’s. The physically unfit Jews who were unable to work were shot and killed. In addition, the Nazis introduced a policy named ‘annihilation’ in which few types of prisoners were made to work, till death. They were purposely assigned works, the circumstances of which were bound to make them sick and die due to illness. For instance, at the Mauthausen concentration camp, the prisoners were a sked to carry boulders and run 186 steps which were made up of stone extracts every day until they fell sick and died4. In the year 1941, the Germans invaded Soviet Union and captured millions of people generally termed as Prisoners of War (POWs). These POWs were intentionally left to die by denying them the basic