Friday, May 8, 2020
College Resume Essay Examples Can Help Students Create a Good Paper
College Resume Essay Examples Can Help Students Create a Good PaperWhen searching for college resume essay examples, it is best to start by going to the sites that are well known and established. These sites will have a huge number of examples to choose from and this can help to provide you with a way to review some of the samples.When looking at these examples, make sure to pay close attention to how well they are written and also how well the information is presented. It is very important to ensure that your college resume essay examples are not only written correctly but that they have an exceptional story. Students who are trying to get an internship at a particular company should look for information in a number of examples to find the most appropriate one.There are several ways that a student can find the exact information that they need to write an essay for a particular company. One of the best ways to do this is to look at the information and then search for it on the Intern et. By using one of the Internet search engines that are commonly used, it is possible to find relevant information quickly and easily.Another way of finding the best information for your college resume essay is to read through various job postings. Many companies will post job listings on the Internet, allowing students to locate specific opportunities that are a good fit for them. In addition, some companies will allow students to submit their resumes to different positions by submitting a CV.Information from this type of CV is often very helpful for a student who is seeking an internship or even a full time position. This information is used by companies to help them understand what kind of candidate they are interviewing. It is possible to get some pretty good information by using a CV for your college resume essay examples.Finally, it is important to maintain a good online presence for your resume and to update it frequently. Even the easiest methods for keeping track of your c ollege resume essay examples can be a great way to keep your resume current. When a student updates his or her resume, it is essential to ensure that the information remains current as well.Using social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter are also a good way to stay connected with your past employers. It is important to remain as current as possible and to have all the relevant information about your education and the positions that you have held updated as soon as possible. It is also possible to contact former employers by email in order to obtain updated information and to find out if the positions still exist.College resume essay examples that use the Internet to help them learn about what information they need to include with their resumes are available to students on many different sites. Most of these sites are well known and established and students who are looking for sample college resume essays will find a large amount of information that they need to help them write an effective one. Although students may not always need to use the information available from these sites, they can find a wealth of information by looking at the examples on the Internet in order to learn the basic facts that they need to know when writing a successful college resume essay.
Essay Topic Tips
Essay Topic TipsIn order to compose a really interesting essay, you must possess an array of knowledge related to the topic. Some educational institutes or colleges provide useful reading material on the subject of essay writing. Some of the books and pamphlets available contain detailed guidelines for writing an essay. However, some of the details may not be very clear to you.If you are looking for a subject-oriented essay, try using only examples. Examples can help you grasp the essence of the whole paragraph. Examples are usually provided by professors who have written much about the subject.Academic essay topics need argumentative language. Try composing one yourself. It is also wise to purchase an argumentative book on the subject.Use interesting words in your essay. Many students feel that arguments do not contribute much to the topic. You need to keep an open mind regarding the question posed. So, you should not restrict yourself from writing an article that might stir up cont roversy in the minds of people.You need to be careful when using words and phrases. In English, most students have to exert much effort in maintaining a straight and consistent structure. If your writing is not too readable, then the professor will probably deem it unreadable.Write the essay on a good time. Study the essays of previous candidates and assess their writing skills. Go through the examples provided in the books and if you find it difficult to write, then make it all the more difficult by using terms that are inappropriate.These are some tips that you can use to compose an impressive academic essay topics. Moreover, using knowledge and tricks that you have learned from other students can also help you prepare an interesting piece. Remember that essay writing is mostly composed of two parts - the first is the topic and the second is the content.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Film Analysis Parenthood - 1317 Words
The movie Parenthood (1989) revolves around the psychological stresses that are faced by families. From the name of the movie, the main theme is coined, involving the issues that are faced by parents while raising up their children. The movie is centered in the family of Gil and Karen, and their extended family. Set in a middle-class white society, the anxieties and pains of raising children are presented in the movie. Gil Buckman is a parent and businessman. His wife, Karen, comes out as a nearly perfect parent, and always stays at home. Gil and Karen have three children. The oldest child is Kevin, a nine-year old boy with emotional problems. The emotional problems that are experienced by Kevin form a very significant aspect of the movie,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦All the extended family members live in close proximity in the suburbs, indicating that the issues that are experienced spread across the whole extended family. Parenting Styles and Strategies in the Movie Each family unit in the extended family applies a respective parenting strategy based on the philosophies and characters of the parents. The family of Gil and Karen is given more emphasis throughout the movie. The realization of the emotional problems that are experienced by Kevin, and the plan of the teachers to move Kevin to a special classroom necessitates a new parenting strategy. Gil responds using an authoritative parenting strategy. With the help of Karen, the parents find ways of getting Kevin to normal shape. First, Gil takes a personal initiative of elevating the self-esteem of their firstborn child. Karen, the nearly perfect wife, also plays her part in ensuring that the development of their children is facilitated. To this effect, the methods yield fruits and the emotional problems faced by Kevin are diminished. Frank, a neglectful parent, is not in good terms with his son Gil. The neglectful nature of his father makes Gil to b ecome an authoritative parent for the good of his children. Nathan also displays the authoritative parenting strategy. He is self-devoted to ensure that their children grow up well, and do not face the challenges he faced while growing up. Nathan is also concerned about theShow MoreRelatedParenthood Film Family Analysis Paper Essay1257 Words à |à 6 PagesParenthood Film Family Analysis Paper Introduction The Parenthood film depicts average family that are changing life course which is the building block of many families. We have the father and mother with marital disfigurations of attachments, and lack of attachment between themselves and the relationships involving their four adult children and grandchildren. Furthermore, in this paper a description of accepting the shift generational roles and Structural Theory is analyzed and discussed in anRead MoreFilm Review Of Twilight 988 Words à |à 4 PagesFilm Analysis of Twilight This report is a presentation of an evaluation of the first Twilight film, Twilight, which came out in 2008. This film depicts many family concepts, values, and relationships that were covered in the textbook, Public and Private Families: An Introduction, seventh edition, written by Andrew J. Cherlin. The main purpose of this film analysis is to address the different types of relationships, family values, and family concepts in this film. In this film there are multipleRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorders And Its Effects3072 Words à |à 13 PagesStereotypes and Stigmas in the film Rain Man Many times, the portrayal of an illness through the media, especially through film and television, can significantly impact the existing beliefs and actions of society. In order to further examine the ways in which they contribute to the publicââ¬â¢s understanding of these disorders, I will explore various media representations of ASDs through the use of media outlets such as the television show Parenthood and the well-renowned film Rain Man. Because ASDs areRead MoreAnalysis Of Alfred Hitchcock s The Thirty Nine Steps 1548 Words à |à 7 Pagesintrudes on our lives and media networks. Escapism via watching the 1935 Hitchcock film version of the same name caused a soothing distraction. I smiled at the archaic smoky focus, disjointed edits and chance meetings - the suchlike didn t discommode me. Sometimes the only thing to do is partake in some silver screen therapy after having to pay observation service on a traumatic event or experience a timely irritation. Film script (s) and visualization in the pre-world-war era seemed simpler; perhapsRead MoreAliens Gender Roles : Enchaned By Cyborgs1587 Words à |à 7 PagesThere can be absolutely no plagiarism in this. This will be submitted to Safe Assign. This paper is mostly your close reading or film scene analysis interpretation.For example evidence in a particular scene you analyze relates to Cameron s reverse gender roles in the film. You can use an outside source but it should mostly be your interpretation and citing specific film scenes. A range (90-100): Truly outstanding work, with very extensive close readings of textual quotes and/or visuals. A focusedRead MoreHow Abortion Regulation Affects Women Essay1882 Words à |à 8 Pageswomen who fell under these categories to be sterilized (Solinger 2015). The film ââ¬Å"No Mas Bebesâ⬠epitomizes Solingerââ¬â¢s statements. The film is a documentary that chronicles the stories of the women involved in the Madrigal v. Quilligan case, in which the women sued L.A. county doctors and hospitals for forcibly sterilizing them without their consent, as well as forcing some women to consent under duress (Espino 2015). The film describes several instances of women being told they would not receive socialRead MoreThe Anti Abortion Movement Of The United States Essay2176 Words à |à 9 Pageswomen who fell under these categories to be sterilized (Solinger, 2015). The film ââ¬Å"No Mas Bebesâ⬠epitomizes Solingerââ¬â¢s statements. The film is a documentary that chr onicles the stories of the women involved in the Madrigal v. Quilligan case, in which the women sued L.A. county doctors and hospitals for forcibly sterilizing them without their consent, as well as forcing some women to consent under duress (Espino 2015). The film describes several instances of women being told they would not receive socialRead MoreThe Reality Of The Lgbtq Community1404 Words à |à 6 Pagescommunity and reaffirms the social boundaries which constrain lesbian parents to narrow standards. H1: Summary From this analysis, it is apparent that The Kids Are All Right and The Fosters strategically attempt to gain respectability for lesbian parents through homonormative assimilationist politics; however, they ultimately fail the opportunity to broaden discourses of gender and parenthood. This strategy centers on likening the lesbian mothers to heterosexuality, appealing to a non-threatening and conventionalRead MoreKnocked Up Textual Analysis1885 Words à |à 8 PagesAurora Oââ¬â¢Bryan Prof. Kaufman 11/6/2007 Textual Analysis Knocked Up Intended for the enjoyment of the present-day youth generation, the 2007 comedy film Knocked Up deals with more than just comedic issues. Technically introduced as a romantic comedy, this film serves more to its comedic orientation. With awkward romance and stoner mannerisms, the laughs are plentiful for the intentional audience of Knocked Up. However, as the audience is served its fill of laughter, issues are presented that rarelyRead MoreBecoming A World Class Fertility Researcher1634 Words à |à 7 Pagesgender inequity. I conducted data base management and data cleaning for a reproductive rights research intern for a small reproductive health information organization. I also provided support for educational events, such as film screenings, for an Action Team of Planned Parenthood of Northern New England. The overlap of these experiences allowed me to make a life-changing realization. I could use research to improve gender inequality. This realization and the fact that I enjoyed conducting research
Welcoming Country Free Essays
Today, Many people in our society have faced many challenges whether it is because of their religion, gender, physical ability and sexual orientation. The United states has always prided themselves to be an open and welcoming country that does not judge one another on any basis. Under this administration the challenges that many immigrants are facing have become greater than ever. We will write a custom essay sample on Welcoming Country or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hate crimes against the jewish people have been occurring way more frequently now. Many people in the United States have Xenophobia where they think their country, and their way of life is far superior than everyone elseââ¬â¢s, and when someone comes in from another country they tend to not accept them or even want to talk to them. Since 911 happened people tend to associate every muslim as a terrorist and they come here to this country to get the opportunities that everyone else has and they are not getting it because Islamophobia. Many young black teens are at a disadvantage because many schools have the zero tolerance policies that end up pushing them out of the school and into the juvenile and the criminal justice system instead of giving them a chance and help within the school system. The United States has come a long way over the years from slavery, and not letting women vote but many improvements can be made for us to truly become a country that accepts all people no matter if theyââ¬â¢re black, white a women or gay. Furthermore if this country wants a better future for their children then we have to work on these issues and have to become more open minded when it comes to immigrants, religion, women, and people who are gay that are in this country. Women have also gone through struggles facing discrimination because of gender. They have being doing the same job that men do but a lot of the time they do not get the same pay. It was not until the civil war that women were even allowed to work. Women were not hired for jobs that were considered jobs for males. In the 1960ââ¬â¢s women only occupied two percent of managerial positions. This showed that gender discriminations was still prevalent.This portrait that women had to accept jobs which did not require high skill nor get high pay. Even with all these issues women were strong and gathered in groups to fight these issues. In time, gender discrimination against women in the workforce has alleviated. In 1963 the equal pay act for women was passed meaning that men and women doing the same job had to get the same amount of pay or it was illegal. Groups like The National Organization of women were formed to help women get the same rights that men had like being able to play the same sports in college. Women are essential to society because they are just as capable as men and they have proved themselves in the workforce time and time again. An important reason why people come to this country is to be able to practice their religion freely and openly without any prohibition, harm or even trying to be oppressed . The founding fathers of our nation came to this country to practice their religion. Although, one of the roots of immigration into this country was the search for freedom of religion, many entities have been discriminated as a people. If we take a look at our history, we can find some examples. One of them is General Ulysses S. Grant who issued an order to take out the Jewish people from states Tennessee,Kentucky, and mississippi that were under his control. Most of the states in the U.S do not let people of the same sex marry. Within the last ten years states have been letting up, and are letting gays and lesbians marry each other under the law. These people have been discriminated since this country has been formed . When HIV first came out it was known as a ââ¬Å"gay manââ¬â¢s disease â⬠meaning that you had to be gay to get that disease. Donald Trump and vice president Mike Pence do not believe in gay marriage and this is another barrier facing the LGBT community. They have been targeted and bullied in many schools around the country. Sexual discrimination was seen in the armed forces. Commanders used to launch what they called ââ¬Å"witch huntsâ⬠to find gay troops and boot them out of the service. Many citizens that do not have the physical ability have been left behind and not taken care of the way they should be. These people for a long time and still today get bullied in school, have no friends, and do not get the support that they need and deserve to be able to do the things that they want. A lot of times these people get harassed in the workplace because they do not have the same ability as others. To help these people out the government passed a law called American with disabilities act to ensure that people with disabilities get proper accommodation in the workforce and also get protection under being fired just solely because they are disabled. I have learned a lot in the course. All the issues that this country is facing surrounding racism and people accepting one another for who they are and what they represent. I have also been exposed to many different things like peopleââ¬â¢s cultures and the hardships that they face on a daily basis. The class has made me more aware of how deeply discrimination exists in our society, and the struggles that people have gone through to overcome make our country a more acceptable society. I learned that we have gains but still have a long way to go. After taking taking this class I have become a better person. Fixing these issues that society fights as a whole is not an easy task. In order to make changes with have to start with our young generations, and make it an empathize in the school systems to teach and focus on accepting one another no matter what the circumstances surrounding that person. Once we make the citizens aware that no matter what we believe, or how different we look, or whatever sexual orientation and gender we may be we are all part of the human race. If we make these social changes starting with our young children then this country will get back on track to fulfill its promise of being a nation which accepts everyone no matter color, race, gender. Furthermore we have to elect politicians that follows these ideologies that we are looking to have in this country. Many people in our society have faced many challenges whether it is because of their religion, gender, physical ability, and sexual orientation. This country has come a long way from discriminating against these groups but we still have a lot of work to do if we want this country to be fully accepting of everyone. A lot of these issues that we face as a culture need to be stopped from the top down. If the president can become more open and tolerant of others then that would be a major step in fixing this mess between different groups. What I have discussed in this essay about the current trend of racism, sexism and discrimination is not new, As the famous adage goesâ⬠History repeats itselfâ⬠. At the founding of our american democracy with the Declaration of Independence (`1776) and the US Constitution (1789)all men were supposed to be equal under the law. However, women did not receive the right to vote until the year 1919 with the adoption of the 19th amendment of the constitution. Most states did not allow married women to keep their property until the beginning of the 20th century. Prior to the 29th century , womenââ¬â¢s legal status was that of chattel- they were the legal property of their Husbands and fathers. The few women from the late 19th century to the mid twentieth century who were able to get law degrees, medical and engineering degrees found themselves underemployed because employers did not want to hire women in these professions. It wasnââ¬â¢t until the late 1970 that most states passed discriminations law to protect bias agent gender. Historically, Blacks have also been discriminated the legal and political system of our country. Although the 13th amendment ended slavery in 1865 and the 14th amendment (1868)guaranteed equal protection under the law for all persons, segregation and the denial of voting rights to blacks and other racial minorities persisted until the adoption of the federal voting rights in 1965. Discrimination in job hiring and access to housing was also rampant until the adoption of the Civil rights Acts in 1964. Historically, many different immigrant groups were discriminated and prevented from entering the United States. For example, the chinese exclusion act enacted in 1882 prohibited immigration of all chinese laborers even though ââ¬âironicallyââ¬â previous generations of chinese laborers were exploited to build the great railroad system that expanded the wealth and growth of the continental United States. Many of these laws were not repealed until after the second world war in 1948. Other ethnic groups (e.g. Irish and eastern europeans) had strict limited quotas for entry into the United States. Finally, protection from discrimination based on sexual orientation has only recently been enacted by only 24 states. There is still no federal civil rights protection based upon sexual orientation. Hence, for example, in the states of North Carolina and MIssissippi employers can fire or deny promotions to gay employees. We should remind ourselves of this history as we put into perspective the need to recognize and address the current problems of discrimination based on gender, race, ethnic origin and sexual orientation. How to cite Welcoming Country, Papers
Sunday, April 26, 2020
To what extent is Act III Scene ii an important turning point in Hamlet Essay Example
To what extent is Act III Scene ii an important turning point in Hamlet Paper Hamlet is considered to be one of Shakespeares most famous plays and is a play of questions. Unresolved questions are constantly being asked, such as the ghosts intentions, good or evil. The most important question in the play in whether Hamlet is really mad, or is he acting. Hamlet is constantly seeking the truth to these questions. In this essay I am not only going to focus on the original text by Shakespeare, but will also be focusing on Franco Zefferellis film production of Hamlet. Zefferellis 129 minute film contains only 31% of the lines. In addition, Zefferelli also rearranges and rewrites. Leading up to Act III Scene ii, Hamlet is very upset about the death of his father, and we can see this as in Act I Scene ii Hamlet is the only person dressed in black which shows that he is the only one that is still mourning over his fathers death. Also Hamlet acts very nobly towards his father and this is shown in Hamlets soliloquy, also in Act I Scene ii. We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent is Act III Scene ii an important turning point in Hamlet specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent is Act III Scene ii an important turning point in Hamlet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent is Act III Scene ii an important turning point in Hamlet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer So excellent a King Hamlet, p35 Hamlet is very hostile towards Claudius throughout the play, even before the ghost tells Hamlet that Claudius murdered his father, and Hamlet shows this as even when Claudius and Gertrude are making the same point, Hamlet only agrees with Gertrude, and not with Claudius. When Hamlet realises that the ghost was telling the truth about the murder, his hostility towards Claudius turns into great anger, and this anger gets greater and greater from this point onwards. The marriage of his mother upsets Hamlet a lot, and during Hamlets soliloquy in Act I Scene ii he shows his true feelings on the subject. Within a month! Ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tears had left the flushing of her galled eyes, she married. O most wicked speed, to post it is not, nor it cannot come to good. Hamlet, p36 Hamlet also says how he feels about the marriage to Horatio, which shows that he trusts Horatio not to say anything, and Horatio agrees with Hamlet. Horatio: My Lord, I came to see your fathers funeral. Hamlet: I pray thee do not mock me, fellow student. I think it was to see my mothers wedding. Horatio: Indeed my Lord, it followed hard upon. p37 Throughout the play Horatio is the character that Hamlet trusts the most, as he always speaks to him about important points. The ghost in the play determines the plot and theme of the play. He does this as when the ghost speaks to Hamlet and tells him about the murder, and that Hamlet must seek revenge he is basically telling the audience the plot of the play. The ghost is also the result of the play within a play in Act III Scene ii. This is because Hamlet feels that he needs to prove if the ghost was telling the truth before he goes and kills his uncle, Claudius. The is one of the main questions posed in Hamlet, and Act III Scene ii is a major turning point in the play. After Hamlet has spoken to the ghost, he says that he is going to pretend that he is mad, and he tells Horatio and Marcellus this, which once again shows that he trusts Horatio, but that he also trusts Marcellus, which is important later on in the play. The consequences of Hamlet seeking revenge are very severe as when he knows that the ghost was telling the truth and after he has set out to seek revenge, there are a great many deaths in the play, which are all a result of Hamlet seeking revenge. Before this however is Hamlets feigned madness. All of the characters (with the exception of Claudius) are convinced that Hamlet has gone mad, and Gertrude thinks that it is because of his fathers death, and her marriage to Claudius. I doubt it is no other, but the main, his fathers death, and our oerhasty marriage. Gertrude, p61 Claudius however, is not sure whether Hamlet is really mad. He is also thinks that the problem may be deeper than Hamlets fathers death. Love? His affection do not that way tend, nor what he spake, though it lackd form a little, was not like madness. Claudius, p84 In Act III Scene ii Hamlet involves Horatio as a second judgement on Claudius reactions to the play. He feels that this is important as with his hatred for Claudius he might not be entirely reliable, as he may exaggerate things in his mind. This is why he wants Horatio to say what he saw, so that they can compare views. Give him heedful note, for I mine eyes will rivet to his face: and after we will both our judgements join, to censure of his seeming. Hamlet, p88 There are lots of relationship changes in Act III Scene ii. A few of the main relationship changes include the relationships between Hamlet Ophelia, Hamlet Gertrude, Hamlet Claudius, and Hamlet Horatio. The relationship between Hamlet Ophelia is a very important, as Hamlet is very angry with his mother remarrying so quickly, and so has a hatred for all women. He takes out this hatred on Ophelia, and also intimidates and teases her. He does this before the play has begun. He also makes sexual innuendos towards her. Hamlet: Thats a fair thought to lie between maids legs. Ophelia: What is, my Lord? Hamlet: Nothing. p89 There is also a relationship change between Hamlet Gertrude, as when Gertrude tells Hamlet to go sit next to him, he says no and goes to sit with Ophelia. Gertrude: Come hither my good Hamlet, sit by me. Hamlet: No, good mother, heres metal more attractive. p89 Also in this scene we see that Claudius does not react well to the play of the murder. This shows us that Claudius has a very guilty conscience as a result of the murder, and during this scene he shows this by acting very peculiarly during the play. He also realizes that Hamlet may know about the murder and so he starts to panic. This shows to Hamlet that the ghost was telling Hamlet about the murder of his father, and as a result of this the theme of revenge develops from this point onwards. Now I will explore the ways in which Franco Zefferelli creates dramatic tension in his film interpretation of Act III Scene ii.
Wednesday, March 18, 2020
The Mississippi Burning
The Mississippi Burning What - A trial where some members of the Ku Klux Klan in Missisippi were charged for the killings of three civil rights activists(James Chaney, Michael Schwerner and Andrew Goodman).When - The trial took place in October 1967, but some men were prosecuted later as well. For example one of the ringleaders: Edgar Ray Killen, who was found guilty on three counts of manslaughter on June 21, 2005, and was sentenced to a maximum of 60 years in prison. The activists were killed in 1967.Where - The trial took place in Mississippi court house. The killings took place while the civil rights activists were driving "home" at Highway 16.Who -Here is a list of the key persons in the trial and investigation.The victims: James Chaney, Andrew Goodman Michael SchwernerKey defendants: Cecil Price, Lawrence Rainey, Wayne Roberts, Edgar Ray Killen, Sam BowersProsecutor: John DoarFed investigator: Joseph SullivanFed agent: John ProctorProsecution witnesses: James Jordan Delmar Dennis.The Ku Klux Klan on parade down Pennsylvania Avenu...The judge: William CoxWhy (killings) - The most considerable reason why the three men were killed, was hatred. KKK hated the blacks and wanted white supremacy in the USA. They think black and white people should not be considered as equal. The civil rights activists were going to help black people to vote, and KKK did not accept that, which result in killing.Why (trial) - The Killings of three the Civil Rights workers. Sam Bowers was an "Imperial Wizard" of the KKK, who announced the assassination. The First attempt to kill Schwerner was unsuccessful, but resulted in burning Mont Zion Church.Later, Deputy sheriff Price, who was a member of the KKK, saw the three men, Michael Schwerner, Andrew Goodman, and James Chaney in a wagon on Highway...
Monday, March 2, 2020
Evolution of Dinosaurs to Modern Animals
Evolution of Dinosaurs to Modern Animals Dinosaurs didnt spring suddenly into existence two hundred million years ago, huge, toothy, and hungry for grub. Like all living things, they evolved, slowly and gradually, according to the rules of Darwinian selection and adaptation, from previously existing creatures- in this case, a family of primitive reptiles known as archosaurs (ruling lizards). On the face of it, archosaurs werent all that different from the dinosaurs that succeeded them. However, these Triassic reptiles were much smaller than later dinosaurs, and they possessed certain characteristic features that set them apart from their more famous descendants (most notably, the lack of a locked-in posture for their front and hind limbs). Paleontologists may even have identified the single genus of archosaur from which all dinosaurs evolved: Lagosuchus (Greek for rabbit crocodile), a quick, tiny reptile that scurried across the forests of early Triassic South America, and that sometimes goes by the name Marasuchus. Evolution During the Triassic Period Confusing matters somewhat, the archosaurs of the middle to late Triassic period didnt only give rise to dinosaurs. Isolated populations of these ruling reptiles also spawned the very first pterosaurs and crocodiles. For as much as 20 million years, in fact, the part of the Pangean supercontinent corresponding to modern-day South America was thick with two-legged archosaurs, two-legged dinosaurs, and even two-legged crocodiles- and evenà experienced paleontologists sometimes have trouble distinguishing between the fossil specimens of these three families! Experts are unsure whether the archosaurs from which the dinosaurs descended coexisted with the therapsids (mammal-like reptiles) of the late Permian period, or whether they appeared on the scene after the Permian/Triassic Extinction Event 250 million years ago, a geologic upheaval that killed about three-quarters of all land-dwelling animals on earth. From the perspective of dinosaur evolution, though, this may be a distinction without a difference. Whats clear is that dinosaurs gained the upper hand by the start of the Jurassic period.à (By the way, you may be surprised to learn that therapsids spawned the first mammals around the same time, the late Triassic period, as archosaurs spawned the first dinosaurs.) The First Dinosaurs Once you climb your way out of late Triassic South America, the path of dinosaur evolution comes into much sharper focus, as the very first dinosaurs slowly radiated into the sauropods, tyrannosaurs, and raptors we all know and love today. The best current candidate for the first true dinosaur is the South American Eoraptor, a nimble, two-legged meat-eater akin to the slightly later Coelophysis of North America. Eoraptor and its ilk survived by eating the smaller crocodiles, archosaurs, and proto-mammals of its lush forest environment, and may have hunted by night. The next important event in dinosaur evolution, after the appearance of Eoraptor, was the split between saurischian (lizard-hipped) and ornithischian (bird-hipped) dinosaurs, which transpired just before the start of the Jurassic period. The first ornithischian dinosaur (a good candidate is Pisanosaurus) was the direct descendant of the vast bulk of the plant-eating dinosaurs of the Mesozoic Era, including ceratopsians, hadrosaurs, and ornithopods. Saurischians, meanwhile, split into two main families: theropods (the meat-eating dinosaurs, including tyrannosaurs and raptors) and prosauropods (the slender, bipedal, plant-eating dinosaurs that later evolved into gigantic sauropods and titanosaurs). A good candidate for the first prosauropod, or sauropodomorph, is Panphagia, the name of which is Greek for eats everything. Ongoing Dinosaur Evolution Once these major dinosaur families were established, around the start of the Jurassic period, evolution continued to take its natural course. But according to recent research, the pace of dinosaur adaptationà slowed down drastically during the later Cretaceous period, when dinosaurs were more rigidly locked into existing families and their rates of speciation and diversification slowed. The corresponding lack of diversity may have made dinosaurs ripe pickings for the K/T Extinction Eventà when a meteor impact decimated planetary food supplies. Ironically, just the way the Permian/Triassic Extinction Event paved the way for the rise of dinosaurs, the K/T Extinction cleared the way for the rise of mammals- which had existed alongside the dinosaurs all along, in small, quivering, mouse-like packages.
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